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王毅、陈锡文、郭树清、刘源的高考往事

2017-06-06 11:41:32   政知局

原标题:官员的高考往事

撰文|辛苏

又是一年高考时。

在中国的高考史上,1977年和1978年是两个极为特殊的年份。1977年,邓小平重新走上党和国家领导岗位之后作出了一个在全社会引起强烈反响的重大决策,恢复高等学校招生考试制度。

尤为特殊的是,77级的考生是中国高考史上唯一一级在冬季考试,春季入学的学生,他们与78级学生的时间差是“空前绝后”。77级的学生在1977年12月考试,1978年2月至3月入学,78级的学生则在同年7月考试,9至10月入学;1982年1月底,77级的学生毕业,同年7月78级的学生毕业。从入学到毕业,两级的学生都相差仅六七个月。

当然,最空前绝后的还当属这两年高考的难度。历经了“文革”教育断层,“考大学”变得十分不易。两年间,全国共有近1200万人参加高考,最终只有67.2万人圆梦,录取率不到6%,这个数字有多低?我们来看一个对比,2015年全国942万人参加高考,实际录取700万人,录取率74.3%。

所以,在那个年代,考上大学就意味着命运的改变。政知见(微信ID:bqzhengzhiju)发现,不少现任的50后、60初官员都是在这两年的高考中脱颖而出,直接受惠于恢复高考这一政策。

为省学费第二志愿报北大

国务院总理李克强是1977年恢复高考后的首届考生。1974年,李克强高中毕业,同年3月,在“知识青年到农村去,接受贫下中农再教育”的号召下,李克强离家到安徽省凤阳县大庙公社东陵大队插队。

“非常喜欢看书”是许多当时的村民对李克强的表述,“很少跟人说话,每天手上都有一本书,背在身后踱来踱去,手不释卷。”得知高考恢复的消息,李克强积极备考,高考前夕,他在家复习,每天看书到凌晨两三点。当年在凤阳县的村民回忆称,李克强虽然“又黑又瘦”,但白天干10个小时的农活,晚上回来还看书,有一回替别人家烧火,边烧火边看书,火熄了全然不知。

从本科到硕士,再到博士,李克强做了十年的燕园学生。不过,在当年,北京大学只是李克强的第二志愿,第一志愿是安徽省的一所师范学院。

后来,李克强在《师风散记》中回忆自己填报志愿时的心情时这样描述,“当时的我多数时间是和乡亲们一起为生存而忙碌,几乎不敢有奢望。在生存欲和求知欲的交织驱动下,我还是在第一志愿填写了本省一所师范学院的名字———据说在师范学院读书是不必付钱的。即便如此,我对北大依然存有难以抑制的向往,于是又在第二志愿栏里填下了北大。”即便不是第一志愿,具有优先招生权的北大依然录取了李克强,进入当时还保密的“政法专业”即后来的法律系。

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