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媒体:共享经济是创业风口还是资本做局?

2017-05-18 01:23:36   侠客岛

半个月前,聚美优品创始人陈欧跟王思聪在网上展开了一场不大不小的“赌局”。

陈欧出资3亿,投资深圳街电科技有限公司,拿下60%的股权,并出任董事长,进军共享充电宝市场。对这一举动,王思聪则公开表示:“共享充电宝要是能成,我吃翔,立帖为证。”

虽然这只是创投圈一次小小的嘴仗,但背后关于“共享经济”的融资故事却庞大得多——比如现在满大街都已经是共享单车,早已集齐彩虹色,摩拜已进入E轮融资,总额3.55亿,ofo的D轮融资融到了5.8亿;而“共享充电宝”的三家公司小电科技、街电科技、Hi电科技,则总计获得融资7.5亿元人民币;更早一点挂上“共享经济”标签的滴滴,最新一轮的融资规模更达到55亿美元。

融资金额看上去很大?估值更大。单车领域,ofo和摩拜的估值均达到10亿美元;成立5年的滴滴出行,估值更是达到500亿美金——而这一切,是在实体经济仍待提振、大量投机资金被严格调控、金融加强监管、去杠杆、收紧资金出海通道等大背景下实现的。

500亿美金的估值是什么概念呢?百年历史的美国巨头通用汽车,市值500亿美元;特斯拉,市值510亿美元;京东,575亿美元;百度,663亿美元。A股市场上达到3000亿人民币市值的,你可以去看看都有谁。

为什么“共享经济”标签下的公司们,能获得资本市场的如此青睐?这么高的估值有价值吗?这其中到底真的是未来新经济的发展方向,还是一场资本的击鼓传花游戏?

估值

估值,顾名思义,就是你觉得这公司值多少钱,评价这公司能达到的预期价值。传统的估值方法有很多,比如考虑一个公司的现金流之后折算资产价值,或者运用市盈率、市销率、市净率等指标对比同行业其他公司,看看大体这个行业什么水准,等等。

但在互联网企业的估值中,传统的理论一般都不太适用。一般来说,项目早期肯定没有盈利,估值更多看市销率;如果再早一些,就看行业空间、看创业团队和商业模式,估值几乎可以是行为艺术,用业内的话说,“不是拍脑袋,就是拍大腿”。

那么,拿滴滴或者共享单车来说,这么高的估值,有道理吗?

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