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外媒:新医改实施后在华跨国药企面临药价下降压力

2017-05-18 01:16:41   参考消息

参考消息网5月18日报道英媒称,在华药企在产品定价方面承受着压力,中国增加可报销药品和加快药品审批或有助于它们扭转销售增长放缓局面。

据英国《金融时报》网站5月17日报道,在中国市场上正承受定价压力的世界各大制药公司希望,中国扩大药品准入并加快审批流程将有助于它们提高销售额。

资料图:北京协和医院的工作人员给患者解答有关医改的咨询。新华社记者罗晓光摄

QuintilesIMS的数据显示,中国已是全球第二大医药市场,2016年销售额达1167亿美元。但是,公共医疗保险的普及使省级政府在药品定价上获得了更大权力。

报道称,多家公司报告在华销售额增长放缓甚至下降,比如默克今年第一季度在华销售额下降了3%。阿斯利康表示,今年第一季度其在华销售额增加7%至7.82亿美元,相比之下,2016年和2015年的销售额增幅分别为10%和15%。赛诺菲表示,2016年其在华销售额增长9%,约为上一年增速的一半。

葛兰素史克认为,今年第一季度其“成熟”产品在华销售额下降5%,部分原因在于其肝炎药拉米夫定在中国面临竞争压力。去年其在华销售额就已下降了12%,该公司认为原因在于“包括降价在内的医疗改革”。

报道称,跨国药企在中国市场遇到困难,核心原因是本世纪头十年初建立起来的那种模式已经瓦解。在那种模式下,中国允许外资药企以较高价格销售已过专利保护期的品牌药品,这类药品的价格常常是普通药品的3至5倍。

但是,2011年以后,伴随着公共医疗保险的全面覆盖,这块市场开始萎缩(纳入公共医保的药品最高可报销80%费用)。公共医保体系中包含招标流程,在这个环节药企和省级政府以谈判方式确定药价。自那时以来,由于每个省都把其他省份商定的最低价作为谈判起点,药价有所下降。

报道称,中国80%以上的药品销售额来自公立医院,过去一年里北京方面颁布了新政策,禁止公立医院将它们所分销药品的价格定得过高。

经费不足的医院想方设法以比各省定价更低的价格采购药品,从而弥补收入减少。北京大学卫生经济领域的专家刘国恩表示,这导致上述政策成为促使有关方面在谈判中尽量压低药价的激励因素。

医疗改革对药企而言的确存在一个亮点:政府分担医药费降低了患者负担,让更多人用得起被纳入医保报销范围的药品。

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