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【大国工匠 传心创世】编钟调音师——刘佑年

2017-05-02 15:42:22   央视网

央视网消息:编钟是盛行于我国春秋战国时期的大型宫廷乐器。随着历史朝代更迭,秦汉以后编钟的铸造工艺渐渐退化、失传。1978年曾侯乙编钟的出土惊艳了全世界,也让当代人第一次领略了2400年前国宝的风采。为了重现这古老的中华雅乐,20世纪80年代,国家决定仿制曾侯乙编钟,让沉寂千年的编钟在当代舞台上复活。今天的《大国工匠》我们就来认识一位亲手复活编钟的铸钟工匠——刘佑年。

古音新韵良心铸钟

在武汉市郊这座偏僻的小院里,工人们正在以传统的方式生产古老的编钟乐器。一口编钟制作完成需要22道工艺,其中最难、也是决定成败的一步就是最后的调音。这道工序刘佑年已经做了30年。

编钟调音是通过打磨编钟内壁的形状、薄厚来实现的。看起来朴厚沉重的编钟体,其实是一个制作上精妙的共鸣腔。腔体上的各个部位与乐音有着千丝万缕的联系,音准、音色、余音的延时长度等多项音指标错综交织,共存于编钟内壁中。而作为舞台演出乐器,编钟对音的要求极高。

武汉工控艺术制造有限公司编钟调音师刘佑年

这最后的打磨,没有什么现代科学仪器够帮得上忙,既要保证音准又要不失编钟特有的清越悠扬的音色,这细微分寸的拿捏全在调音师砂轮下的毫厘之间。为了这毫厘的精准,刘佑年如同苦修禅功一样,熬练三十年,经历了几千次调音校准。

这是1978年湖北随州曾侯乙墓考古发掘珍贵的现场画面。当年20多岁的刘佑年有幸在博物馆第一次听到了那套古编钟的现场演奏,中华雅乐的魅力让他至今不能忘怀。

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