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长三乙火箭首飞失败画面曝光:发射22秒后撞山爆炸

2016-11-24 09:11:02   澎湃

长三乙火箭(视频截图来源:央视)

爆炸画面(视频截图来源:央视)

央视网消息:西昌卫星发射中心,是一片见证了中国航天一次次跨越和成功的发射场。它是我国四大航天发射场中承担商业航天任务的主战场,更是我国深空探测的福地,我国探月工程的嫦娥卫星都是从这里奔向月球的。然而,这里也遭遇过失败和挫折。1996年2月15日,西昌卫星发射中心迎来了一次国际商业卫星的发射,这也是我国的长征三号乙的首飞,这在当时原本是一次稳妥的发射,可是最终的结果,却出乎现场所有人意料之外。

在西昌卫星发射中心的门口,有这样一片空地。这里就是1996年长三乙首飞失利之后火箭坠落的地方。20年过去了,这里仍然像一块已经愈合的伤疤,记录着当天中国航天的失利,也记录着中国航天艰难的成长。

航天科技集团一院长三甲系列火箭副总设计师李京红:火箭从塔架起飞飞过去,直接落在了山坡上,我们看到铁丝网,这个附近。在这上面产生了爆炸。在这片协作楼前面,我就看见我们龙总,他就坐在木箱子上,非常愁。因为这次对我们这个型号是一次非常重要的发射,对我们长征火箭也是非常重要。

航天科技集团一院运载火箭系列总设计师龙乐豪院士:因为1996年的2月15号。因为当时经过辛苦的努力,因为我们好不容易赢得了一个国际通讯卫星组织的发射服务合同,发射一个美国人的卫星。是我们这个火箭系列,第一次发射外国人卫星,全世界直播。发射前当然充满着信心的,那完全有数,没数不敢随便发射的。按规定应该是12秒钟拐弯,最后一起飞以后它3秒钟就开始拐了,就慢慢歪了。到了6秒钟的时候已经歪过那个,通过发射塔的顶上了。连续我就问了为什么?为什么?为什么?从那个时候一直在思索,设计错误吗?还是制造缺陷,还是别的什么原因?一切赶快把原因查出来。

为了这些为什么,龙乐豪和研制人员点着蜡烛开着应急灯,连夜开始寻求答案,有人说,龙乐豪在那一夜之间白了头。

航天科技集团一院运载火箭系列总设计师龙乐豪院士:应该说那一夜挺难煎熬的,工作就是数据、数据,整理数据、分析数据。一夜间急白了头,多少有点文学的夸张,说那个时候就更加加深了头发雪白的转变,这倒是真的。

这样煎熬的夜晚,研制团队经历了一个多月,最终,发射失利的原因水落实出。问题,出在一个焊点上。

航天科技集团一院运载火箭系列总设计师龙乐豪院士:一个制造的工艺质量大概有缺陷。两个不同的金属焊在一块,直径多少呢?只有我们头发的几十分之一,起飞之前三秒钟就已经有脱开的迹象,1802火箭一点火、一振动,很快这个导线,这个结点就开了。

惨烈的事故,带给整个航天事业严重的冲击,让中国的对外商业发射业务跌入谷底,也让火箭的研制人员重新认识了航天工程的复杂性和严密性。

航天科技集团一院运载火箭系列总设计师龙乐豪院士:失败,就是差一点的成功,成功就是差一点的失败,这根导线如果它再延长1500秒再坏,也就是25分钟左右,这一次发射是绝对的非常漂亮的、圆满的成功,很遗憾的是它就差这么1500秒左右。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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