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“长五”飞天 离不开这位要求“零缺陷”的奠基人

2016-11-04 18:06:22   中国青年网

中国青年网北京11月4日电 昨晚20时43分,中国最新研制的最大推力运载火箭“长征五号”在海南文昌航天发射场发射升空。伴随着首飞成功,长征五号也完成质的飞跃,大幅提升了我国自主进入空间的能力,把中国火箭送入世界主流火箭阵营!

长征五号发射瞬间。图片来源:新华网

然而,你信吗?把中国第一枚卫星运载火箭“长征一号”搞上天的人,在受命研制火箭之前,基本没接触过这方面的知识,他只是一位搞热电厂发电的专家!他带领着这个白手起家的团队,凭着对火箭研制的“零缺陷”的执拗“不战而屈人之兵”的目标,开创了我国运载火箭的历史!

认准了就一门心思去干,必须做到“零缺陷”

时光回溯到1949年,新中国的成立,让留美准备继续攻读博士学位的他,毅然决然提出回国申请。当时美国政府为了阻止中国留学生回国,提出了许多优厚条件。相形之下,一穷二白的中国只能给每人优待300公斤小米。

1950年,从美国乘坐“克利夫兰总统号”邮轮返回中国时在船上留影。图片来源:新华网

但,学成岂为稻粱谋?!

回国后,他被安排到一个秘密单位报到。去了才知道,这个单位是要做运载火箭,发射人造卫星。这对于一个没有任何火箭方面专业知识的人简直就是不可思议。

接受新任务,他起初心里并没有底。但他知道,当时对在国际上处于孤立、封锁状态的中国来说,只有先拥有了自己的威慑力量,才能争取到和平的发展环境。

认准了,就一门心思去干!

他带领着一批缺乏技术背景、平均年龄只有21岁的年轻人,还时不时地就会碰到一些连自己都没接触过的新东西。没有前人的经验可循,也没有现实的把握可言,凭借着开创祖国航天事业的豪迈激情和勇于探索的蓬勃朝气,他带领大家边学边干,义无返顾地开始了废寝忘食的大胆尝试。

即使在这种情况下,王希季对大家的要求仍然严格,大家都不会?那也不能降低标准!他说:“所有的研究都要做到‘零缺陷’,否则所有的成果就是零!”他常常是头一天晚上啃书本,第二天就给大家上课传授。没有电脑,他的团队就用一屋子的手摇计算器代替,计算用的稿纸堆得比桌子高,有时甚至干脆就拨算盘珠子,24小时“三班倒”,一个月,终于算出一条弹道来!条件虽艰苦,但每一个步骤在事先都经过了精心设计,有图纸、有计算、有程序、也有口令,工程的每一步都是计划好的、计算好的、安排好的。

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