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官媒:日政府对华全面"死磕" 中日进"冷和平"状态

2016-08-03 07:45:40   

社评:日本防卫白皮书凸显对华“死磕”

日本政府内阁会议2日通过了2016年版《防卫白皮书》,这份白皮书最突出的地方就是强化了对中国国防政策的批评,宣称对中国在东海和南海的军事动向“强烈关切”,指责中国“凭借力量改变现状,继续采取高压式的做法”。美欧媒体纷纷认为日本通过白皮书进一步展示了其对华强硬姿态。还有西方媒体注意到《防卫白皮书》为日本新安保法辩护,评论认为“日本告别和平主义”。

安倍政府领导下的日本越来越摆出同中国全面“死磕”的姿态,它对中国已近乎“敌视”,这恐怕是当下世界各国政府中绝无仅有的。菲律宾曾在阿基诺三世期间对华态度很激进,但它的闹事主要是围绕南海。美国对华开展博弈,但华盛顿在大多数时候也遵守中美“斗而不破”的潜规则,注意维系中美整体上的合作。

日本则逐渐滑向“逢中必反”,与中国对着干似乎成了日本外交的基本精神。倒退一些年,这完全不可思议。日本在南海问题上经常跳得比美国和菲律宾还高,除了自己表态反对中国,还做东南亚国家的工作,撺掇它们搞“反华统一阵线”。此外日本在东南亚及世界多个地区针对中国与当地的合作项目开展恶性竞争,而且它们很多时候不全是出于经济目的,政治意图常常昭然若揭。

从安倍政府的对华政策中,我们能感觉到某些“咬牙切齿”的东西。这种东西有时会出现在一些被侵略或者受到压迫的小国家和小民族中,而中国和日本的历史关系是反过来的,日本是侵略者,中国是受害者。所以安倍政府这么“恨”中国,让人摸不着头脑。

世界上有各种描述日本岛国心态的书籍,它们大多强调了日本人作为岛国民族的特殊危机感。但用危机感来解释安倍政府对中国的“恨”,也不大讲得通。日本人因为中国高速发展而有些失落、担忧,是可以理解的,但这何以变成了同中国“死磕”的畸形冲动呢?

日本同中国对立已使双方经济都蒙受了损失,也增加了两国各自的外交成本,其中日本的综合损失明显更大。日本的国家竞争力连年下降,它在瑞士国际管理发展学院的著名排名中2015年已下降到全球第27位,亚太的第9位。安倍政府似乎顾不上这些,沉迷于同中国的斗争。它像是有点“自杀式爆炸”的那种狂热,豁出去了,我不好,中国你也别想好。

恐怕还是以安倍为代表的那部分日本人因不接受失去“亚洲第一”而生出愤怒和狂躁,进而成了“恨”。除此之外,也有人认为这是安倍冰冷的“特殊理性”:他就是要与中国紧张、冲突,这样做使他通过了新安保法,解禁了日本的集体自卫权。他还要继续同中国僵持,推动他梦寐以求的修宪。新宪法草案重点修改了第9条,如果它得以通过,日本自卫队就可以升级为国防军,日本就可以重获与他国宣战的权利。

中日关系不可能在短期内出现重大好转,日本无此愿望,美国也不会允许。中国人应当静下心来,接受中日“冷和平”的状态,这种状态要比“冷战”轻一些。真正接受它意味着:第一不主动花力气去改善它,第二也不因为生气而进一步恶化它。中国可以就这样维持对日“冷和平”10年、20年,让它成为东亚的一个常态。

我们可以承受得了这一成本,一些年之后,只要中国发展继续大大快于日本,我们就是赢家。日本倚仗美国同中国对抗的意志终将被压垮,那时的中日关系改善将拥有全新的基础。

常有人说,中国需要一次对日本的彻底战胜,它才会在对华关系上彻底安顿下来。这当然不应是一场战争,对日的长期“冷和平”同样需要付出代价。或许只有我们肯于付出这样的代价,才能获得日方的转折性尊重。

责任编辑:李东舰 CN031
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