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延迟退休方案预计年底出台 女职工群体或先实施

2016-08-02 07:50:21   新华网

专家建议:在一线工作的体力劳动的女职工,可以延迟到60岁退休。女知识分子可以延迟到63岁。

7月22日,人力资源和社会保障部(下称“人社部”)召开2016年二季度新闻发布会,新闻发言人李忠介绍,基于人口老龄化的大背景提出的延迟退休政策,将分三步走:一是在实施上会小步慢行、逐步到位。比如每年往上调几个月。二是区分对待,分步实施。比如会选取现在退休年龄相对较低的部分岗位开始。三是会在之前做及时的公告,也会在方案出台前广泛地听取和征集意见。

此前,在7月13日召开的2016年二十国集团劳工就业部长会议上,人社部部长尹蔚民表示,延迟退休方案预计今年出台。

国家行政学院教授竹立家告诉《中国经济周刊》记者,延迟退休方案目前已经提交到了相关部门和领导审核,还要经过全国人大常委会通过,最终形成一个具有法律效力的法规。

四类群体将受到延迟退休政策影响,70后影响最大

近期延迟退休消息频发,这被业内认为是人社部在为推进延迟退休铺路。

延迟退休一事最早在2012年提出。当年6月,由人社部、发改委等部门制定的《社会保障“十二五”规划纲要》发布,提出“研究弹性延迟领取养老金年龄的政策”。

尽管只提出“研究”,因为涉及到每一位公民,依然触动了公众敏感的神经。2012年7月26日,人社部在例行新闻发布会上回应各界争议,提出“小步慢走”思路,表示拟针对不同群体诉求采取差别化策略。

时隔4年,“小步慢走”思路依然没有改变。人社部部长尹蔚民7月13日表示说,方案已经初步成型,将在今年拿出,并且向社会来征集意见,是小步慢走,渐进到位。

人社部明确表示,方案出台后将充分征求意见并经过5年过渡期,到2022年正式实施。

国家行政学院研究员胡仙芝告诉《中国经济周刊》记者,因为延迟退休关系人群众多,而对不同年龄阶段的人群产生的影响程度又不一样,如果法定退休年龄调整幅度过猛过大,对某些当事人会产生明显不公,心理落差就会加大。因此有必要采用“小步慢走”策略,可以使每个人受到的影响大致相同,而且所受的影响也不会太大,有利于代际公平和社会稳定。

“小步慢走”到底是怎么个走法?人社部的解释比较含糊,只是说每年推迟几个月的时间,经过一个相当长的时间,再达到法定退休的年龄。这个政策施行以后,可能5年后退休的你是60岁零3个月退休,6年后退休的他可能是60岁零6个月退休。

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