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媒体:快播案中的技术问题是公检法绕不过去的坎

2016-01-15 14:55:28   澎湃

原标题:科技日报:快播案中的技术问题是公检法绕不过去的坎

近日,2016年互联网领域第一案——涉嫌传播淫秽物品牟利的“快播”案成为焦点。除了各种调侃段子,该案也引起业内法学专家、律师的热烈讨论。除了快播是否涉嫌传播淫秽物品牟利的争议,关于公诉机关对案件“技术问题”的准备欠缺也引起广泛关注。

“技术问题是‘快播’案绕不过去的坎,这涉及到嫌疑人如何使用这一技术以及是否有主观故意。”北京炜衡量律师事务所上海分所的邹星星律师告诉科技日报记者。

邹星星说,近两年他和同事经手了大量页面网站涉嫌违法的案件,最后发现都与快播或暴风影音使用的技术有关。他介绍,P2P传输模式使每一个用户在下载的同时担当了传播的角色。“用户把视频上传到站长自己建的服务器上,然后这个视频资源会发布在快播网站,快播的服务器会告诉用户哪个网站有需要的资源。”他说,快播的技术可以实现根据观看人数以及点播次数、播放速度来判断哪些片子需求量大,从而把这些资源缓存到自己的服务器上,避免过多人同时下载引起的带宽资源紧张问题。

邹星星说,快播方面称,并不知道缓存到其服务器上的是哪类视频,而这也是此案的关键所在。事实上,“快播”案公诉人的主要证据之一,就是从在快播公司查封的4个服务器硬盘中找到的两万多个淫秽视频。但由于案件侦查阶段,在取证过程中的疏漏以及专业知识的匮乏,无法证明法庭当中出示的证物即为查封时的硬盘,没有分析这些视频是怎么上传上来的,取证时的证据污染造成了这一证据的失效。

而对技术了解不够也让公诉人在庭审中明显处于下风。有评论称,事实上,审判台上的法官与公诉人一样,也面临同样的困境。因为不懂技术,一些案件中,法官对鉴定高度依赖,鉴定结果甚至会成为影响案件判决的“证据之王”,这种情势下,法官有成鉴定人“牵线木偶”的危险。

邹星星对这种情况表示理解。“公诉人和法官面对各种类型的案件,不能要求他对每个技术都很精通,但确实应该多做些准备,了解基本情况,平时也应该多进行相关培训,不能太外行。”他认为可以借鉴国内对于海事案件的审理,“审理海事案件的法官大多毕业于海事学院,或者有做过船长的经历,对专业知识很了解”。

至于是否能借助外力,邹星星说,对于专业性较强的案件国外大多引入专家证人,但这在我国应用不多,因为专家证人是对专业问题发表意见,而我国的诉讼法规定证人证言只能针对事实本身。“最高人民法院最近推行技术调查官的作法,目前还没有推广到基层法院,但这应该是个趋势。”

中国社会科学院哲学所科技哲学研究室主任段伟文则表示,法律是原则上的判定,而当技术高度发展时,法律的规范有可能是滞后于技术发展,在没有先例可借鉴的时候,就更需要公诉人或法官依靠自身的知识储备和缜密推论来根据实际情况做出合理判决。“这要求他们至少在开庭前应该多做些功课。”

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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