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养老金个人账户空账超3.5万亿 每年增加数千万

2016-01-07 06:30:23    第一财经日报

养老金“空账记”

虽然“怎么分”还存在很大的争议,但“统账分离”已经成为一些专家的主流意见。决策部门对此还没有做出明确的表态。

近年来个人账户的“空账”额更是以每年数千万的速度快速增长,到2014年底已超过3.5万亿。即使把城镇职工基本养老保险积累的所有资金用于填补个人账户,个人账户仍然会有较大空额。

2014年职工养老保险累计结余额为3.18万亿,中国人民大学公共管理学院教授李珍用了一个比喻形象地说明了当前基本养老保险基金的财务状况:“这就好比说一个人口袋里有10元钱,可他还有一张11元的欠条在别人口袋里。”

2014年,职工养老保险的个人账户记账累计额达到40974亿元,比2013年增加了5865亿元,增长率为16.71%

截至2014年年底,全国所有做实个人账户省份累计结余为5001亿元,比2013年底增加了847亿元,增长率为20.39%。

日前召开的中央经济工作会议已将养老保险改革列入今年的六大重点改革之一,提出要“加快养老保险制度改革,完善个人账户,坚持精算平衡,提高统筹层次”。

《第一财经日报》从我国人力资源和社会保障部的相关人士处获悉,该部正在制定基础养老金全国统筹方案,如果顺利的话,今年内就会出台。

这一切的背后则是我国近年来个人账户的“空账”额以每年数千万的速度递增,个人账户的空账额在2014年底超过3.5万亿元。

养老金“空账”正成为国家财政所面临的重大风险之一。

3.5万亿空账的风险

去年12月26日,中国社科院世界社保研究中心发布了《中国养老金发展报告2015》(下称《报告》)。

《报告》称,个人账户累计记账额快速增长,即使把城镇职工基本养老保险积累的所有资金用于填补个人账户,个人账户仍然会有较大空额。

个人账户记账累计额减去各省做实的累计结余就是“空账”。截至2014年底,个人账户的空账额超过3.5万亿元。

中国人民大学公共管理学院教授李珍用了一个比喻形象地说明了当前基本养老保险基金的财务状况:“这就好比说一个人口袋里有10元钱,,可他还有一张11元的欠条在别人口袋里。”

李珍说,许多人很乐观,说养老保险有滚存结余,所以近期财务状况良好。可是却忽视了制度希望积累起来的个人账户资金却被使用去发放当期养老金,养老保险制度整体为负债。

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