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港媒:西方应上上中国文化三堂课

2017-09-22 09:39:49   参考消息

过去几十年间,只有一件事比中国令人震撼的经济变化更加令人难以置信,那就是西方政治和商界精英对中国的理解仍然普遍无知。我们生活在一个多极而复杂的世界,中国正日益成为不可或缺的角色。但是,很多人仍然透过根植于20世纪、以西方为核心的过于简单的思维框架看问题,因此应对不了当今的挑战。

中国在全球舞台不断增强的影响力遇到了迷恋、惊叹、担忧,有时干脆是恐惧。很少有人去认真了解中国,努力透过它的文化棱镜看世界。这是一个严重的错误,因为对于任何有兴趣理解中国在其中发挥日益重要作用的超级复杂世界的人而言,理解中国文化已必不可少。

《南华早报》文章截图

理解中国文化价值观不仅对于理解中国所作所为的背后原因至关重要,而且西方实际上还可以从中国学到很多东西。至少在一定程度上,中国的思想体系更有助于解决我们这个“复杂年代”所面临的挑战。

比如,短视思维在西方盛行,这是经济和政治弊病的根源,而中国文化则面向长远。秉持长期视角使人能够对事物有着更清晰的认识,因而降低未经全面考虑就仓促决策的风险。

所有这一切都在很多中国公司取得全球成功的过程中发挥了作用,它们能够以务实的方式将短期目标与长期战略融为一体。中国长期战略的最佳例子或许就是“一带一路”倡议。这种具有历史意义的经济和地缘战略计划,不可能由习惯于关注未来选举而非子孙后代的西方政府设计提出。

令中国与西方截然不同的中国文化的第二个方面就是,西方思维关注事物本身,而中国思维关注事物之间的关联。中国人通盘考虑,他们不把部分与整体分开。

这种方法在努力理解我们当今世界的复杂性方面非常有用。我们今天所有的全球问题都相互关联,因此不可能冒着错失“大局”中某个重要局部的风险而对它们分别加以分析。

中国文化的另一个核心特点是综合考虑矛盾对立。中国人认为,任何事物都有正反两方面。这在西方思维的二元逻辑中是讲不通的。西方人认为两种(截然)相反的概念是不可调和的;而中国人则认为任何事物都与其对立面不可分离,尽管它们相互对立,但也可以共存。

我们可以在过去几十年间形成的一些政治概念中发现这种文化特质,如“一国两制”和“社会主义市场经济”。在很多西方人看来,这些观念会被视为完全不合逻辑的自相矛盾,但在中国人看来,它们恰恰体现了矛盾的辩证对立统一,为全新的原创观念开辟了道路。

过去15年来,世界已经发生了天翻地覆的变化,未来的变革——由地缘经济平衡变化以及突破性科技所推动——需要全球商界与政治领导人具有正确的思维框架。西方领导人需要认识到吸取中国文化的营养有利无弊。

责任编辑:高宗影 CN060
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