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美试射“航母杀手”?原是为应对中国这一绝招

2017-09-12 13:10:49   参考消息网

核心提示:中国的“反介入/区域拒止”能力被美军视为限制其“横行”自由、阻碍其以武力随意干涉他国内政的眼中钉。

参考消息网9月11日报道 洛克希德·马丁公司网站日前发布消息称,美国空军一架B-1B轰炸机在8月中下旬成功发射了第一枚战术远程反舰导弹(LRASM)。

据称,战术远程反舰导弹是一款精确制导防区外反舰导弹,其基于已经成功研发的联合广域防区外空面导弹(JASSM-ER),具备多平台发射能力,旨在满足美国海军和空军在对抗环境中作战需求。

按照美国国防先进研究项目局远程反舰导弹项目主管罗伯·麦克亨尼的说法,“推进这个项目的总体目标是,确保美海军的反舰作战能力在可预见的未来仍然是世界一流水平”。分析认为,美军发展远程反舰导弹能力的真实目的,是为了在未来与中国争夺制海权中占据更多优势,尤其是应对中国正在发展的“反介入/区域拒止”能力。

8月17日,美B-1B轰炸机首次试射“战术构型”的AGM-158C型远程反舰导弹。(美国洛马公司网站)

美军将中国“反进入∕区域拒止”视为眼中钉

美军提出远程反舰导弹应具备四大特征:一是射程足够远,海军平台(舰船或飞机)可以在敌直接对抗火力射程之外发射这种导弹;二是目标探测和识别能力强,导弹本身的传感器可以在有许多干扰船舶的目标区域探测和识别打击目标,从而确保打击精度;三是突防能力足够强,能够突破足以击落它的现代化战舰防御体系;四是战斗部杀伤力大,投送的弹药足以击沉大型战舰。

当今世界能够将美海军平台拒于防区之外、拥有现代化战舰防御体系,同时装备大型舰船的国家屈指可数,而中国就在此列,并且排名靠前。

众所周知,中国目前正大力发展“反介入/区域拒止”(A2/AD)能力。按照美国最新版《国家军事战略》的定义,“反介入”指的是对手阻止美军向海外战区投送和维持军事力量,“区域拒止”指的是对手限制美军在战区内的行动自由。中国将反介入/区域拒止战略表述为:旨在发展针对可能部署在西太平洋地区的部队实施远程打击的能力,用以限制或控制敌方进入中国外围(包括西太平洋)的陆地、海洋和空域。当前中国反介入/区域拒止的战略重点是阻止和控制第三方外部势力在第二岛链内(尤其是台湾地区)的自由活动。

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