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民调显示美国政治分裂扩大至多领域

2017-09-11 13:47:10   参考消息网

文章称,特朗普当选使得共和党人出现了剧烈的情绪波动。2014年8月,88%的共和党人说,他们并不确信子女一代的生活会好于他们这一代,表达了对美国梦的核心要素的悲观看法。特朗普就职8个月后,只有46%的共和党人说,他们对子女的未来没有信心——42%的波动实在令人惊讶,不是经济改善所能解释的。

党派分野更加突出

调查发现,多年来,人们对文化和经济议题的态度发生了变化,而这些议题正是特朗普竞选的关键议题。

文章称,对移民的看法也比以往更具有党派色彩。在2005年4月的一项民调中,当被问及移民会强化还是削弱美国时,有48%的受访者认为会削弱美国,有41%的受访者认为移民会强化美国。

如今,多达64%的人认为移民会强化美国,有28%的人认为会削弱美国。这一变化几乎完全是由于民主党人的看法出现了急剧调整。2005年,只有45%的民主党人认为移民强化了美国;如今,这个比例是81%。

文章称,有两个群体尤其对经济持相对悲观的看法:乡村美国人和受教育程度较低的人。

有大约43%的乡村居民对本地经济状况给予了高度评价,而这样做的城市居民比例为57%。在没有受过高等教育的美国人当中,只有47%的受访者认为本地区的经济不错或者非常好,而受过高等教育的美国人有2/3持这种观点。

这两个群体都在从民主党转向共和党。在受过高等教育的人当中,有44%的人在2010年是民主党人。如今只有36%的人是民主党人。

文章称,整整80%的受访者认为美国基本或彻底分裂。但是,民主党人和无党派人士往往认为分裂的根源是经济原因,也就是贫富收入差距。共和党人则认为分裂的根源是政治原因,人们基于自己所属的政党发生了分裂,这也与他们关注的媒体有关。

杨说:“好像所有人都认为分裂太严重了,我们没法相处,但同时又认为都是别人的错。”

【延伸阅读】美保守派学者:美国政治文化正在失去尊严

参考消息网9月1日报道 美国《国家利益》双月刊网站8月28日发表美国传统基金会肯尼思-西蒙原则与政治研究中心访问学者卡森·霍洛韦的文章《为什么美国的文化在摧毁总统》称,不少批评特朗普的人士抱怨他的言论有损总统尊严。他们固然有一定道理。特朗普经常用激烈的措辞来谴责政治敌人,这远远背离了大部分美国总统所秉承的克制和礼仪。这些抱怨包含着对这一问题的显而易见的解决办法——特朗普总统的举止应当更加得体。要是事情有那么简单就好了!

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