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金融监管又开一枪,瞄准资本大鳄的命门

2017-08-11 16:16:30   侠客岛

摘要:坚决防止出现大股东操纵的现象,不能使保险机构异化为少数人的融资平台,决不能让保险产品异化成少数人的融资工具,决不能使保险资金成为大股东投资控股的工具。

前阵子,就在全国金融工作会议召开后不久,险资监管又打响了新的一枪:《保险公司股权管理办法(第二次征求意见稿)》。

别看名字里挂着“征求意见稿”,其内容之广度与深度,对资本市场来说还是相当有震撼力的。其目标直指保险公司的治理结构,而对于进入保险业的资本提出的严格限制条件,就像是给大鳄们定制了新的紧箍咒。

一个股权管理办法,就有这么大威力吗?

是的。毕竟,对过去一段时间内大出风头、甚至是让市场高呼“凶猛”的险资来说,股东是谁、股权在谁手里,当然决定了由谁控制、怎么操作。甚至可以说,这是一项针对险资“命门”的监管新规。

股东

或许正是因为其震撼力,这份文件也是相当“难产”。这早在2010年,就制定了《保险公司股权管理办法》;但一直要拖到6年后的2016年底,保监会才就该办法修订第一次征求意见。之后再过上大半年,才是这次的第二次征求意见。

为什么这么难产?或许可以在新版本的征求意见稿中略窥端倪。

既然是“股权管理办法”,首先就要划分股东种类。新版本把保险公司的股东分为四类,分别是财务Ⅰ类股东(持股小于5%)、财务Ⅱ类股东(持股5%-10%)、战略类股东(持股10%-30%)、控制类股东(持股30%以上)。四类股东中,各种限制条件规定最严苛的,是“控制类股东”。

有什么变化呢?最明显的是,单一大股东持股比例上限,从51%降至1/3;同时,对保险公司股权的性质、转让、投资、比例等,也进行了限制。

这怎么就限制资本大鳄了?

我们逐项看。比如,这个版本的“十不准”——包括“经营计划不具有可行性的、核心主业不突出且其经营范围涉及行业过多的”、“关联企业众多、股权关系复杂且不透明、关联交易频繁且异常的”,都不能成为大股东——简言之,这些描述,基本就是业内判断“资本大鳄”的标准。这么明确的限制,几乎是量身定做了;

对“控制类股东”,这个版本的办法明确规定,“五年内不允许转让所持股权”——这也很明显,是对那些准备“玩一把就走”的人发出警告;

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