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英媒称中国进军邮轮市场令欧洲“心慌”:有无穷资源

2017-07-31 10:49:26   参考消息

参考消息网7月30日报道 英媒称,中国船厂开始进军邮轮市场,以满足国内对于邮轮度假日益增长的需求,这可能威胁欧洲船厂在这个规模达1170亿美元产业的主导地位。

邮轮需求激发邮轮产业

路透社7月25日以《中国船厂进军邮轮市场欧洲同业心慌》为题报道称,中国国内对于邮轮旅游的需求每年增长达30%,政府已将邮轮制造列为《中国制造2025》的一项重要目标,以升级国内制造业和支撑船厂就业。中国积极发展价值较高的邮轮产业令欧洲船厂心里打鼓,该产业需要复杂的供应链来制造和装备豪华邮轮,一些欧洲船厂担忧,中国可能开始一步步主导邮轮市场,就像最近数十年在货船市场发生的情况一样。

“这是一项可能导致竞争激烈的国家目标,”德国造船和海洋工业协会执行长莱茵哈德·卢肯表示,“如果中国定下目标,就会有几乎无穷的资源可用。”

不过业内专家称,对中国企业来说,学习如何建造邮轮并非易事,因为它需要有复杂的供应商队伍提供诸多物品,从豪华地毯到隔音材料等不一而足。


2017年6月15日,上海外高桥造船厂内的一名工人。(路透社)

引入欧洲经验

在上海位于长江入海口的上海外高桥造船厂中,中国船舶工业集团已引入包括意大利造船商芬坎蒂尼在内的欧洲顾问企业,来帮助学习如何设计并建造邮轮,还引入芬兰瓦锡兰等外国供应商组建本土合资企业。

“芬坎蒂尼公司带来了数百名工人,中船还将技术人员送往英国进行培训,”一名中船员工说。

报道称,中船建造两艘邮轮的订单载客能力多达5000人,这是今年2月同嘉年华和芬坎蒂尼签下的协议的一部分,该协议并附有额外的四艘邮轮选择权。

两位行业高管表示,芬坎蒂尼受到其最大客户嘉年华的带动来帮助中国,后者正在努力开发中国邮轮航线,中国力争要在2030年以前成为仅次于美国的全球第二大邮轮市场。

嘉年华称其鼓励芬坎蒂尼参与这个造船项目,但也指出,嘉年华与中船集团和中投公司合作推出中国首条国内邮轮航线的计划是另外谈判的。芬坎蒂尼称,公司进入中国市场,纯粹是根据对中国市场巨大商机潜力的分析。

造船厂的折扣竞争

报道称,中国进军邮轮行业正值全球对货船需求骤降而导致诸多中国船厂关停之际,因此中国其他造船厂也闻风而动,提出了最高达30%的折扣报价以及提前交货的优惠,争取赢得西方邮轮公司订单。

招商局工业集团在3月达成一份协议,将为总部在迈阿密的SunStone Ships建造最多10艘船;厦门船舶重工在4月赢得了芬兰维京公司的1.94亿欧元订单,为其建造一艘可载客2800人的邮轮。

“有兴趣的造船厂数量让我们惊讶,”维京公司总裁汉尼斯表示,有六家中国造船厂表达兴趣,“竞争永远是好事...如果欧洲造船厂没有竞争,他们就会停滞不前。”

根据行业刊物Seatrade Cruise数据,欧洲造船业者目前到2025年有68艘邮轮订单,轻松超越其他地区同业。

造船厂STX France的工会代表称,有人担心法国船厂最终可能放弃与中国竞争邮轮市场,出于对技术转移的担忧,工会或反对芬坎蒂尼所提议的接管STX France。

中国企业进入邮轮市场的首席顾问老儿·杰克称,试图阻止这种改变可能是徒劳,“大家都紧盯着最活跃的市场。”

责任编辑:孙启浩 CN037
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