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日本破解“最强生物”水熊虫不死之谜:基因使然

2017-07-31 10:28:38   国际在线

中新网7月31日电 据日媒报道,近日,日本庆应义塾大学尖端生命研究所的荒川和晴准教授等研究人员找到了被称为“最强生物”的微生物“水熊虫”即使干透也不死的部分解释。

资料图:生物学分析

据报道,荒川等发现了水熊虫能应对极度干燥环境的几种特殊遗传基因,还发现对干燥环境有较强适应能力的各类水熊虫,这类基因都时常在发挥作用。这项有望揭开强大生命力之谜的成果于7月28日刊载在美国的专业杂志《PLOS Biology》(电子版)上。

据悉,这项成果由荒川与东京大学的国枝武和助教以及英国爱丁堡大学马克布莱克斯特教授等人共同取得。水熊虫是一种身长不足一毫米的小动物,生活在苔藓等人们熟悉的地方。

已知水熊虫可以耐受高温、冰冻、干燥、强辐射等极端环境,干燥后它会缩小变成“干眠状态”,遇水又能复活。

研究团队分析和比较了对于干燥环境有强大适应能力的横纲水熊虫和适应能力较弱的水熊虫种类的基因组信息。除了干燥时保护细胞的多数基因之外,研究团队还发现了导致干眠状态的基因等。

据了解,一般而言,受氧化等作用影响细胞会在基因控制下发生自主有序死亡的现象,即“细胞凋亡(apoptosis)”。而研究团队在水熊虫身上完全没有发现引发这一现象的基因,认为水熊虫之所以能“死而复生”也许有这一原因。

(原标题:日本破解“最强生物”水熊虫不死之谜:基因使然)

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