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降成本有效增强了企业竞争力和经济潜在增长能力

2017-08-10 12:17:23   中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会

推进供给侧结构性改革是当前和今后一个时期经济发展和经济工作的主线,降低实体经济企业成本是供给侧结构性改革的重要任务。党中央、国务院高度重视降成本工作。习近平总书记在中央经济工作会议上强调,要在减税、降费、降低要素成本上加大工作力度。李克强总理在《政府工作报告》中指出,要多措并举降成本,使企业轻装上阵,并提出了一系列新的降成本措施,对2017年降成本工作做出明确部署。各地区、各有关部门认真贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署,坚持以新发展理念引领经济发展新常态,深入推进降成本各项工作,有效降低了企业成本负担,提高了企业竞争力,增加了经济潜在增长能力,保障了经济平稳健康发展。

一、出台新的降成本措施,为完成全年降成本目标奠定了坚实基础

今年以来,国务院常务会议审议通过了一批制度性、管长远、见实效的降成本新措施,各地区、各有关部门不断加大工作力度,推动降成本措施落地见效,确保完成全年降成本目标任务。

着力降低企业税费负担。减税方面,继续推进营改增试点,将增值税由四档税率简并至三档,将享受减半征收所得税优惠的小微企业年应纳税所得额上限由30万元提高到50万元,将科技型中小企业研发费用加计扣除比例由50%提高到75%,放宽创业投资税收优惠条件,将商业健康保险个人所得税税前扣除试点政策推广至全国,延续2016年底到期的物流仓储设施用地减半征收城镇土地使用税政策等6项优惠措施。降费方面,取消城市公用事业附加等基金,授权地方政府自主减免部分基金;取消或停征41项中央设立的行政事业性收费,将商标注册费标准降低50%;取消了一批涉企经营服务性收费,降低了部分经营服务性收费标准,规范了协会商会收费行为。

多渠道降低企业融资、用能、人工、物流等生产要素成本。降低融资成本方面,继续优化融资结构,扩大直接融资比例,推进民营银行常态化设立,开展小微企业应收账款融资专项行动,清理金融中间环节收费。降低用能成本方面,清理规范电价及附加,取消城市公用事业附加和工业企业结构调整专项资金,将国家重大水利工程建设基金和大中型水库移民后期扶持基金征收标准各降低25%;加快推进输配电价改革,推进电力直接交易;降低省内天然气管网输配价格。降低人工成本方面,失业保险总费率为1.5%的22个省份均已将总费率降至1%。降低物流成本方面,取消内蒙古、甘肃、青海、宁夏四省(区)政府还贷二级公路收费;取消电网公司向铁路总公司征收的电气化铁路还贷电价,铁路运输企业等额下浮运价;推动18家国际大型班轮公司主动承诺降低码头作业费。

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