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中远海运比雷埃夫斯港全貌。
国际在线报道(记者柳青、陈濛、王倩、屈功泽):2000多年前,海上丝绸之路从中国东南沿海,经过中南半岛和南海诸国,穿过印度洋,进入红海,抵达东非和欧洲,成为中国与外国贸易往来和文化交流的海上大通道,并推动了沿线各国的共同发展。如今,在中国“一带一路”倡议的路线图当中,地处巴尔干半岛南端、希腊东南部的比雷埃夫斯港(比港)成为重要节点。比港既是希腊第一大港,同时也是地中海东部地区最大的集装箱港口和全球50大集装箱港口之一。2016年8月,中国远洋海运集团(中远海运)与希腊方面完成了比港67%股权的交割,中远海运(香港)成为比港港务局的最大股东,这也是中国企业首次在海外接管整个港口。近9个月的时间过去了,当前比港的经营情况如何?中远海运对当地的承诺是否兑现?曾经对中资进入表达了忧虑和不安的希腊人士观点有没有改变。不久前,记者重返比雷埃夫斯港,一探究竟。

中远海运比雷埃夫斯港集装箱码头。
比雷埃夫斯港是希腊最大港口,被称为“欧洲的南大门”,吞吐量在地中海集装箱港口中名列前茅。早在2008年,中远海运就与希腊方面签署了为期35年的特许经营权协议,并据此于2010年10月1日正式接管比港二号、三号集装箱码头。2010年开始执掌中远海运比港项目、现任中远海运比雷埃夫斯港口有限公司总裁的傅承求说,对中远来说,比港项目是一项“战略投资”。
傅承求说:“比港处于一个战略要地,处于进入黑海的咽喉之地,同时可以顺道进入亚得里亚海,经过西地中海,再进入西北欧,所以它的地理位置非常便捷于港口作为中转港。所以我们围绕这个战略发展,加大投资,进行了艰苦的努力,所以我认为投资非常有价值。”

中远海运比雷埃夫斯港口码头工人接受记者采访。
然而,中远海运在比港的经营并不是一帆风顺的。2009年,在国际金融危机和自身债务危机的双重影响下影响,希腊整体经济态势不断恶化。具体到比港,一方面,海运业务量持续下滑,另一方面,码头员工的罢工持续不断,使得码头的生产经营陷入困境。现任中远海运比雷埃夫斯集装箱码头有限公司财务总监的王健是现有四名中国管理层人员当中最早来到比港的。回忆起当时的比港码头,他这样说:“2009来的时候,码头情况糟糕,码头设备都很老旧,堆场设施也不好。在这种情况下,我们也投入了很大精力做改变,其实在09年,除了工作上面临很大的压力,因为要了解当地的文化、当地的法律和规章制度,来改变当地人的工作方式的和思维,需要我们自己管理的提升,加上我们多方面的融入来带动变化。”
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