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越南改历史给自己挖了个坑

2017-08-30 14:37:43   环球时报

日前,由越南社会科学翰林院史学院主编的《越南历史》正式出版,该套代表越南官方史观的书籍对过去一些历史论述作了重要修改。除将1979年发生在中越之间的边境武装冲突定性为“侵略”,大幅增加相关描述外,该书对统一前南越政权的称呼由“西贡伪政权”改为“西贡政权”,将“伪军”改为“西贡军队”。

关于这一修改,越南官方未作正式说明。不过,一家越南中央级官媒采访了一些学者,他们一致的观点是:为在南海问题上凑足法理依据。一名越“南海问题专家”则说得更明白:“1954-1975年,只有越南南方政权有权管理黄沙和长沙两个群岛(即中国西沙和南沙群岛)……因此越南共和国应当受到承认,唯有如此,才能在法理上保证连续性。”

本来,越南一些学者为填补其在南海问题上的历史和法理空白而殚精竭虑歪曲历史早已不是新鲜事,但上述说法还是让笔者大吃一惊:为一时政治目的而不惜在历史问题上饮鸩止渴,这实在是“勇气可嘉”!不过,不知这些专家学者在此之前是否想好该如何回答以下几个问题?

首先,南方的“越南共和国”合法了,越南民主共和国以及后来的越南社会主义共和国是否非法?他们肯定不会说是。但如果答案是否定的,那他们只能承认南北越是两个互不隶属的国家,北方武装统一南方的过程则是一国对另一国的武装侵略。

其次,如果“越南共和国”合法了,那越南共产党应如何向当年那些为国家统一和民族解放,高唱着“解放南方,我们奋勇前进,消灭美帝,荡平卖国奸佞”的战歌冲锋陷阵、慷慨赴死的革命先烈和老战士交代?又如何向在战争中付出巨大牺牲的越南人民交代?难不成要告诉他们:不好意思,你们打错人了吗?

第三,如果“越南共和国”合法,那美国在越战中的角色还是“侵略者”吗?难道他们不是作为一个合法国家的政府,被邀请来帮助抵抗北越“侵略”的吗?要不要顺便给美国人平反?

最要命的是第四点,众所周知,以越南人民伟大领袖胡志明主席为代表的越南民主共和国自1945年成立起到1975年,30年间一直明确、坚定和持续不断地支持中国在南海问题上的立场,而西贡政权的主张则完全相反。如果“合法”的南越政权在中国西沙、南沙群岛的所作所为是在“维护越南的主权和领土完整”,那么对那段时间胡志明主席、越南党和政府在南海问题上的立场应该如何定性,新教科书和历史老师们敢对学生们点破真相吗?

越南一些专家学者在放出奇葩言论之前,真应该冷静下来好好掂量一下:将南越伪政权合法化会给越南政治、文化、安全乃至整个国家和社会带来什么后果。(作者是中国东南亚研究会常务理事、越南问题学者)

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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