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“依法”姑息“暴走团”,是个坏示范

2017-08-28 16:12:40   新京报

■社论

行政决定的合理性应该建立在“比例原则”基础之上,它应该是对各方合法利益的仔细权衡。

近日,青岛交警市南大队胶州湾隧道中队宣布对“暴走团”出没的八大峡广场地区实施机动车限行,让“暴走团”可以正大光明地走在机动车道上。此举引发了极大的争议,近日该队又做出回应称:这一限行决定“于法有据”。

青岛交警市南大队胶州湾隧道中队提出的法律依据是《中华人民共和国道路交通安全法》第三十九条,“公安机关交通管理部门根据道路和交通流量的具体情况,可以对机动车、非机动车、行人采取疏导、限制通行、禁止通行等措施。遇有大型群众性活动、大范围施工等情况,需要采取限制交通的措施,或者做出与公众的道路交通活动直接有关的决定,应当提前向社会公告。”

《道路交通安全法》的确赋权公安机关设置限行措施,青岛交警市南大队胶州湾隧道中队也可以做出限行的规定,但是满足了基本的“形式合法”要件,就万事大吉了吗?

行政决定本身的实质合法性、合理性,应该接受得住考量和围观。现代社会从形式法治走向实质法治、从管理行政走向服务行政,“形式合法”不再成为行政合法性的惟一内容。

首先,《道路交通安全法》明确了“分道通行规则”,“机动车、非机动车、行人实行分道通行”。“暴走团”,动辄数十人上百人,以“锻炼”的名义公然走在了机动车道上,这本身就是一种严重的违法行为。违法行为应该首先受到纠正、处罚,而不是迁就。

其次,行政决定的合理性应该建立在“比例原则”基础之上,它应该是对各方合法利益的仔细权衡。行政决定应该是对相对人权益侵害最小的、不可替代的、最为必要的或最温和的手段,避免按下葫芦浮起瓢。在这个事件当中,除了“暴走团”排成五列、公然挤占机动车道“锻炼”需求外,机动车的正常行驶,算不算一个合法的诉求?行政机关应不应该保护?

即便是青岛交警市南大队胶州湾隧道中队作为法律依据的《道路交通安全法》第三十九条,目的也是保护交通畅通、人员安全,而不是为满足个别群体的违法诉求。

这么多暴走团成员打算要常年占据机动车道,和法条里所列举的“大型群众性活动、大范围施工”等临时性的情况有着本质区别。青岛交警市南大队胶州湾隧道中队对该地区从晚6点半到9点常态化限行,牺牲的是在下班高峰时段当地机动车的正当权利,换得的却是暴走团非法占道的“合法化”。这是否还符合行政决定的“比例原则”?

青岛交警市南大队胶州湾隧道中队通过限行,让暴走团占用机动车道“合法化”,可能会引发连锁反应,将来其他地方的“暴走团”,都要求“学习青岛的经验”,要求对机动车限行,来满足他们在机动车道上的“暴走”要求,法律明确的“分道通行”还怎么体现?如此这般,可能更会让部分“暴走团”视法律为儿戏。

“于法有据”,也不能任性;要“形式合法”,更要“实质合法”。交警有权限做出限行规定,但限行规定不能突破《道路交通安全法》明确的“分道通行”原则,更不应以损害机动车的正当通行权为代价,让非法占据机动车道合法化,特别要防止向社会释放错误的信号——法不责众,否则会起很坏的示范作用。

责任编辑:孙启浩 CN037
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