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三代核电国产化率超85% 四代核电示范工程即将建成

2017-09-01 07:21:12   中国经济网

三代核电技术是目前国际上在役核电站中最先进的技术,目前我国已经掌握了该技术,并基本实现了国产化。在四代核电技术方面,我国的高温气冷堆示范工程是世界上示范工程里最接近完成的,也是最接近商业化、安全性最高的四代核电技术

8月31日,科技部介绍核电重大专项实施情况。国家能源局核电司副司长、核电重大专项实施管理办公室负责人秦志军表示,当前我国核电自主创新能力显著提升,为实现核电强国目标奠定了坚实基础。据介绍,核电专项自2008年启动实施以来,已形成新产品、新材料、新工艺、新装置等980项,申请知识产权3000余项,编制行业及企业标准849项,培养41个创新团队和各类科技人才、青年学术和技术带头人800余人。

核电重大专项是《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006-2020)》确定的16个国家科技重大专项之一,主要包括大型先进压水堆和高温气冷堆两个分项。

据压水堆分项技术总师、上海核工程研究设计院院长郑明光介绍,大型先进压水堆分项,是在引进消化吸收世界领先的AP1000技术基础上,自主研发的CAP1400核电技术。我国已经比较全面地掌握了AP1000技术,并形成具有完全自主知识产权的核电型号——CAP1400,其安全指标优于AP1000约15%以上。“三代核电装备产业链已经形成,装备制造能力实现了从二代向三代制造的跨越。”郑明光说。

目前我国具备年产6台套到8台套三代核电设备供货能力,三代核电综合国产化率从2008年依托项目的30%提高到85%以上。据悉,目前CAP1400示范工程开工建设工作准备就绪,即将全面启动。CAP1400的研发设计工作的完成,意味着我国已经掌握了该技术,并基本实现了国产化。

据郑明光介绍,CAP1400安全性很高,每堆年发生大量放射性物质释放事件的概率低于千万分之一。未来CAP1400设备实现批量化生产后,上网电价成本也将降低至每千瓦时电0.4元以下。

高温气冷堆技术分项瞄准的则是第四代核电技术。目前我国山东荣成石岛湾建设的20万千瓦高温气冷堆核电站示范工程即将建成。

四代核电技术中,中国的高温气冷堆示范工程是世界上示范工程里最接近完成的,因此也是最接近商业化、安全性最高的四代核电技术。“经过重大专项研发,我国在示范工程上已经实现了90%的国产化率。”高温气冷堆核电站重大专项技术总师、清华大学核能与新能源研究院院长张作义介绍,高温气冷堆示范工程经国务院批准,于2012年12月份正式开工建设。反应堆采用2个热功率250MW的球床模块式高温气冷堆模块,发电212MW。迄今为止,工程设计和土建工程已经全部完成。主要设备已经就位,第1个反应堆模块的安装即将完成。示范工程已全面进入调试阶段。

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