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中菲共同开发南海形成示范效应

2017-07-27 14:01:40   海外网

摘要:共同开发是中菲双边政治互信提升的反映,也是中菲共同开发南海的政治意愿强化的具体体现。

7月25日,正在菲律宾访问的中国外长王毅会见了菲律宾外长卡亚塔诺,双方就中菲南海共同开发达成高度共识。这是中菲关系不断改善的重要标志,而如何将这一共识变成具体行动,值得我们期待。

资料图:中国外长王毅(右)与菲律宾外长卡亚塔诺(图源:外交部网站)

共同开发是指相关海洋边界争端国,在不影响各自主权诉求的前提下,淡化相关争端,对争议区的自然资源进行联合勘探和开发的临时性安排。南海地区的共同开发,包括油气资源、矿产资源、渔业资源等项目开发。当前南海共同开发的现实是,基本是南海周边国家单方面开发——出卖廉价的“主权利益”与西方油气跨国公司合作,获得极少利益,而绝大部分利益都被西方油气跨国公司拿走了。

随着中国在南海地区维权力度加大,以及中国油气公司勘探技术的突破,南海周边国家同西方油气跨国公司单方面开采油气资源的空间越来越小,其代价也越来越大,南海周边国家同中国在南海共同开发的时机也越来越成熟。这次中菲在南海共同开发的政治共识的达成,正是当下南海共同开发新形势的反映,也是中菲政治智慧的展现。正如王毅外长所说,共同开发并不影响也不涉及各自的法律体系,而是通过双边协商达成一个彼此都能接受的规范和安排。这表明,共同开发是中菲双边政治互信提升的反映,也是中菲共同开发南海的政治意愿强化的具体体现。

但是,我们应该清醒地看到,共同开发南海绝非易事。

31年前,邓小平曾对来访的菲律宾副总统提出南海“搁置争议、共同开发”的理念。2005年,中国、越南、菲律宾三国对南海超过14万平方公里合作区域进行联合地震数据的采集工作,这是中国与南海周边国家进行的第一次多边联合开发行动。但后来受到各种因素的干扰,这一联合开发行动被无限期搁置。

其实,菲律宾总统杜特尔特对南海共同开发的态度也有一个转变。在其上台伊始,国际舆论热炒中菲共同开发南海事宜,对此菲律宾最高法官公开反对,称如果总统同意中菲联合勘探南海油气,这将是损害菲律宾主权,将可能对总统进行弹劾。针对菲律宾国内各种压力,杜特尔特总统公开表示,南海共同勘探开采油气,只是中国单方面的想法,菲律宾并没有这方面意愿。

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