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美军要在南海"例行"巡航 印媒声称:让中国无暇他顾

2017-07-24 13:47:04   环球时报

原标题:终于清楚了:美国人坚持这样搞,是为了让中国“非常忙”

【环球时报驻美国特约记者萧强环球时报记者杜海川王会聪】美国新兴网络媒体布莱特巴特新闻网21日发表“独家报道”称,特朗普政府已经批准了五角大楼要求美军“例行、规律地”在南海开展“自由航行行动”的年度计划,这将令美国海军更自由开展此类行动,相关航行请求将会“更快得到批准”。评论认为,这意味着美国将更频繁巡航南海。《印度时报》23日窃喜:“美国此举将让中国在南海非常忙碌,无暇顾及与其他国家的海洋纠纷,如日本和印度。”

布莱特巴特新闻网因在特朗普竞选期间为其摇旗呐喊为人所知,特朗普上台后该媒体影响力扩大。该报道引述不具名美国官员的话称,今年4月美国国防部长马蒂斯向白宫提交了这份计划,其中包含美国海军今年全年内穿越南海争议水域的计划等内容。报道称,尽管美国海军在全世界各地的“自由航行行动”已延续几十年,但由于担心激怒中国,奥巴马政府曾于2012年至2015年叫停在南海的此类行动,直到2016年才恢复。在这一期间,美国海军的行动请求必须得到白宫国家安全委员会的批准,实际上往往就此卡住。

报道说,特朗普上台后,美国海军在南海的“自由航行行动”一度停止,有美国议员致信特朗普,要求重启此类行动。《纽约时报》等媒体此前也报道称,美国海军方面提出的行动申请甚至没有得到五角大楼批准,因此根本没有被递交给白宫。直到今年5月下旬,美国“杜威”号驱逐舰进入中国南沙群岛美济礁12海里范围内。布莱特巴特新闻网称,该美国官员说,在此之前,五角大楼的计划得到了白宫批准。之前防长马蒂斯不愿批准海军的行动请求,因为他不希望在制定整体规划前向白宫递交任何“零碎”请求。

该官员表示,按照新的计划,白宫对于美国海军的此类行动计划将了然于胸,因此不会像以前那样对每次行动请求感到意外,会更快批准,从而使美军能够在“非常例行、有规律”的基础上开展行动,并使每次行动都成为保持相关水域开放的例行项目的一部分,而非“一次性活动”。报道对比称,在奥巴马政府期间,这些都是“一次性”活动,从而给人以专门应对中国特定举动、而非美国海军日常行动的一部分的印象。

报道说,按照计划,在南海开展“自由航行”的要求将先由美国第七舰队提出,然后分别逐级上报至太平洋舰队、太平洋司令部、五角大楼和国家安全委员会。与此同时,五角大楼也将向美国国务院报批,以确保这些行动不会破坏国务院正在实施的外交举措。五角大楼首席发言人怀特对布莱特巴特新闻网表示,“本届政府显然已使这种管辖权回归最适合执行此类职权的人,这是回归常态”。不过,目前尚不清楚该计划是美国在亚太地区更大战略的一部分,还是只是意在实现美军“自由航行”在该地区成为日常行动的具体目标。

南京大学国际关系学院院长朱锋23日对《环球时报》记者说,美国军方推出年度巡航计划是传统思维,无非是向其盟友强调,美国还是亚太特别是东亚地区最重要的安全维护者、提供者、保障者,美国在亚太地区的存在是坚定的和不断上升的,美国制衡中国的决心不会改变。这是美国希望传递出的清晰信号。他认为,有了巡航南海的年度计划,美国巡航南海的频率可能会增加。但其效果未必能如美国所愿,因为增加巡航次数很大程度上违背了亚太地区稳定、合作、对话的趋势。对美国军方自身来说,其形式也大于内容和结果。

朱锋认为,不管美国军方基于何种目的制订在南海的年度巡航计划,它对中美关系都是一种冲击。事实上,对“自由航行”对南海局势产生的影响,美国国内的争议也在增加。已经有一些美国人意识到,所谓“自由航行”并不能实质性地改变中国基于主权和法理依据采取的维权行动。美国以自己的标准和依据单方面执行“自由航行”,不断增加对中国的压力,只会加剧南海局势紧张,这也是包括东盟国家在内的国际社会不愿意看到的。

责任编辑:孙启浩 CN037
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