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美国再试“萨德”触发地区军备竞争的按钮

2017-07-14 13:35:17   海外网

摘要:美国搭建的反导防御网,看似为其盟国盖上了保护罩,但是却触发了地区军备竞争的按钮。

美国军方近日成功对“萨德”反导系统进行了一次测试。美国军方导弹防御局和其防务承包商洛克希德·马丁公司宣布,“萨德”系统首次成功拦截了一个模拟的中程弹道导弹。目标在太平洋上空被拦截导弹击中,并坠入夏威夷以北的太平洋海域。这是从2005年起,“萨德”系统进行的第14次成功的拦截试验。在此次试验中,“萨德”系统提升了火控系统,使用拦截弹头直接碰撞的方式,也就是动能拦截技术摧毁了目标。

美军使用“萨德”反导系统拦截中程弹道导弹测试(图源:央视网)

在朝鲜于7月4日最新一轮试射洲际弹道导弹后,这次计划中的试验,即“萨德-18”飞行试验受到了全球媒体的广泛关注。虽然美国国防部的官员说,此次“萨德”试验是按计划开展的,与朝鲜导弹试射无关。但是明眼人都看得出,美国防部的这一说辞不过是不想背上加剧地区紧张局势的责任。今年3月,萨德系统在韩国实现部署,朝鲜其后进行了多轮导弹试射,在此敏感时间段美国进行反导试验,一方面是检验“萨德”系统的作战能力,提升其拦截和摧毁各种弹道导弹威胁的能力,加快推进其实战部署;另一方面也是向朝鲜传递了强有力的警告信号,显示其部署在韩国的“萨德”系统的实战能力,预示其随时能击落朝鲜发射的任何弹道导弹。正如美导弹防御局长萨姆·格里夫斯表示,当天的测试进一步展示了“萨德”系统的潜力及其拦截并消除弹道导弹威胁的能力。“萨德”系统将继续保护美国民众、军队及盟友免受日益增长的实际威胁。

在新闻消息的背后,这次试验还有两个值得注意的细节耐人寻味。其一是“萨德”系统拦截的模拟目标导弹类型。7月4日朝鲜宣称试射的是洲际弹道导弹,那美军此次试验的目标为何使用的是模拟中程弹道导弹呢?根据美军的定义,中程弹道导弹的最大射程从3000公里至5500公里。虽然有专家分析朝鲜此次试射的洲际弹道导弹射程可能达6000公里,但其弹头再入大气层的速度与美军定义的中程弹道导弹接近,两者的拦截难度相差不大。另外萨德系统是对弹道导弹再入大气层阶段的末端拦截系统,其作战使命是确保能有效拦截打击己方防御范围内目标的弹道导弹,对目前朝鲜发展的各型弹道导弹均能实施拦截。

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