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揭秘南海仲裁案仲裁庭真面目 完全由菲方“包养”

2016-07-18 08:23:06   广州日报

原标题:揭露菲律宾南海仲裁案仲裁庭真面目

新华社记者李忠发、邹伟、臧晓程

7月12日,菲律宾单方面提起的南海仲裁案“闹剧”宣告落幕。曲终人散,这个颇具争议的临时仲裁庭也就此退场,在国际法史上留下一段不光彩的印迹。

在菲律宾阿基诺三世政府违反中菲共识、违反国际法,单方面强行推动的这起仲裁案中,临时仲裁庭扮演了恶劣而荒唐的角色。这个临时仲裁庭的一系列操作漏洞百出,几无公正权威可言。新华社记者通过采访调查,从机构组建、运行程序、人员构成、实体裁决等方面,揭示其假借“仲裁”之名违反国际法之实的本质。

非法无效的草台班子

所谓南海仲裁案裁决公布后,众多媒体尤其是西方媒体纷纷以“联合国背景的仲裁庭作出裁决”、“常设仲裁庭作出裁决”等发布消息。然而,事实并非如此。

南海仲裁案仲裁庭是根据《联合国海洋法公约》附件七在海牙组建,属于因案而设、案终而撤的临时班子,绝不是“国际法庭”。记者采访调查发现,临时仲裁庭与同样位于海牙的国际法院(ICJ)没有任何关系,后者是联合国主要司法机关,根据《联合国宪章》设立。

临时仲裁庭与位于德国汉堡的国际海洋法法庭(ITLOS)没有直接关系。唯一沾得上边的是,根据《公约》附件七的要求,如果当事方没有指定仲裁员,则由国际海洋法法庭庭长(在本案中为日本籍前庭长柳井俊二)代为指定。

临时仲裁庭与常设仲裁法院(PCA)也没有直接关系。略微有关的是,常设仲裁法庭为本案仲裁庭提供秘书服务,并将位于海牙的和平宫租借给仲裁庭作为庭审场所。(下转A4版)

(上接A1版)可见,本案临时仲裁庭,并不是常设仲裁机构,也不是国际海洋法领域的权威司法机构,其程序规则也是仲裁员拟定的、仅适用于本案的临时性仲裁规则。

为以正视听,北京时间13日晚间,国际法院在其官方网站首页发布提示信息称,国际法院希望媒体和公众注意,南海仲裁案裁决结果由常设仲裁法院提供秘书服务下的一个特别仲裁庭作出。国际法院作为完全不同的另一机构,自始至终未曾参与该案。

联合国官方微博13日也发布声明称,常设仲裁法院与联合国没有任何关系。

“这个仲裁庭完全是一个临时机构,它和其他国际权威司法机构没有任何正式关系。它不为裁决结果负责,也没有任何机构为这个仲裁庭背书。”武汉大学中国边界与海洋研究院副院长孔令杰说。

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