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外交部回应“中国不执行裁决会有损国际声誉”

2016-07-13 11:06:24   中国网

国务院新闻办公室今日发表《中国坚持通过谈判解决中国与菲律宾在南海的有关争议》白皮书,并于上午10点举行新闻发布会,外交部副部长刘振民和国务院新闻办公室副主任、新闻发言人郭卫民介绍白皮书有关情况和中国在南海问题上的政策立场,并答记者问。

中央电视台记者提问:我们看到,仲裁结果出来之后,有国家表示“这个仲裁裁决对当事双方都是有效的,都有约束力”,我想请问,中国如果不执行裁决,对他们来说是“违反国际法、将会损害国际声誉”,中方对此是怎么看的?

刘振民:关于这个仲裁裁决是否有约束力,中国政府已经表明立场,外交部声明已表明立场,这个声明是“没有约束力、无效、违法,中国不会承认,也不会执行”,为什么这样说呢?在中国外交部声明当中,以及今天发表的白皮书当中都做了系统性的阐述,我今天想重点就仲裁庭是不是一个合法的国际法庭问题给大家做一个说明,目的就是要撕破仲裁庭的面纱。

第一,这个仲裁庭不是国际法庭,与位于海牙联合国系统的国际法院毫无关系,与位于汉堡的国际海洋法法庭有一定关系,但不是海洋法法庭一部分。与位于海牙的常设仲裁法院(PCA)也不是一个系统的,有点关系,为什么呢?因为常设仲裁法院为仲裁庭提供了秘书服务,仅此而已。这个仲裁庭在庭审的时候使用了常设仲裁法院的大厅,仅此而已。仲裁庭绝不是国际法庭,这一点请大家一定要注意。

第二,这个仲裁庭的组成实际上是一个政治操作的结果。这个仲裁庭是由5名仲裁员组成,除了菲律宾自己指定的仲裁员,就是来自德国的沃尔夫鲁姆教授外,其他4名仲裁员是由国际海洋法法庭时任庭长日本籍法官柳井俊二先生指定的,他是何其人也?他是国际海洋法法庭的法官,现在还是,同时也是日本安倍政府安保法制恳谈会会长,他在协助安倍解除集体自卫权,挑战二战后国际秩序方面起了很大作用,他也曾是日本驻美国大使。据各种消息证明,这个仲裁庭的组成完全是他操纵的,而且在后来仲裁庭的运作过程当中,他还在施加影响。

第三,这个仲裁庭的组成有很大的问题。媒体朋友也看到了,仲裁庭的五位仲裁员,四位来自欧洲,一位来自德国,一位来自法国,一位来自荷兰,一位来自波兰,都是欧盟成员。另外一位法官来自加纳,国际海洋法法庭最初成立的时候担任过庭长,但他长期居住欧洲。这样一个法庭有没有代表性?他们了解不了解亚洲文化?了解不了解南海问题?这是几十年来国际社会高度关注的问题,在1945年签订《联合国宪章》、制定《联合国海洋法公约》的时候,有一条说“国际法院的组成必须代表世界各大文化和主要法系”,国际海洋法法庭成立时也有这个要求。为什么呢?就是要确保以后的法庭有代表性、有权威性。国际法院有中国法官,国际海洋法法庭有中国法官,常设仲裁法院也有中国的仲裁员,我本人也是常设仲裁法院的仲裁员,我们中国有四位仲裁员。但是这个仲裁庭的五位法官没有一位来自亚洲,更不用说来自中国,他们了解亚洲吗?他们了解亚洲文化吗?他们了解南海问题吗?他们了解亚洲复杂的地缘政治吗?他们了解南海的历史吗?他们凭什么能做出公正的判决?

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