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《坚持通过谈判解决与菲在南海的争议》白皮书(摘要)

2016-07-13 10:42:09   新华网

原标题:《中国坚持通过谈判解决中国与菲律宾在南海的有关争议》白皮书(摘要)

新华社北京7月13日电 国务院新闻办公室13日发表《中国坚持通过谈判解决中国与菲律宾在南海的有关争议》白皮书。摘要如下:

一、南海诸岛是中国固有领土。中国人民在南海的活动已有2000多年历史。中国最早发现、命名和开发利用南海诸岛及相关海域,最早并持续、和平、有效地对南海诸岛及相关海域行使主权和管辖。中国对南海诸岛的主权和在南海的相关权益,是在漫长的历史过程中确立的,具有充分的历史和法理依据。

第二次世界大战结束后,中国收复日本在侵华战争期间曾非法侵占的中国南海诸岛,恢复行使主权,绘制标有南海断续线的地图,并于1948年妥为公布,昭告世界。

中华人民共和国成立后,进一步维护对南海诸岛的主权和在南海的相关权益。中国对南海诸岛及相关海域的巡逻执法、资源开发和科学考察等活动从未间断过。

南海诸岛属于中国是二战后国际社会的普遍认识,世界上许多国家都承认南海诸岛是中国领土。在许多国家出版的百科全书、年鉴和地图都将南沙群岛标属中国。

二、中菲南海有关争议的核心,是菲律宾20世纪70年代以来使用武力非法侵占中国南沙群岛部分岛礁产生的领土问题。菲律宾为掩盖这一事实,实现其领土扩张的野心,炮制了一系列借口。从历史和国际法看,菲律宾的有关主张毫无根据。此外,随着国际海洋法制度的发展,中菲在南海部分海域还出现了海洋划界争议。

中国坚决捍卫在南海的领土主权和海洋权益。同时,从地区和平稳定大局出发,中国保持高度克制,坚持和平解决中菲南海有关争议,并为此作出不懈努力。在此过程中,中国和菲律宾达成一些重要共识,包括:通过谈判和平解决南海有关争议;在有关争议问题上保持克制,不采取可能导致事态扩大化的行动;坚持推动海上务实合作和共同开发;不使有关争议影响双边关系的健康发展和南海地区的和平与稳定等。

2002年,中国同东盟10国共同签署《南海各方行为宣言》。各方在《宣言》中郑重承诺:“由直接有关的主权国家通过友好磋商和谈判,以和平方式解决它们的领土和管辖权争议。”

三、菲律宾无视双方共识,一再采取导致争议复杂化的行动,推动中菲南海有关争议不断升级。

菲律宾在非法侵占的中国南沙群岛有关岛礁上建设军事设施,肆意破坏中国设置的测量标志,并企图以非法“坐滩”的方式非法侵占中国仁爱礁。菲律宾还对中国黄岩岛提出领土要求企图非法侵占,蓄意挑起“黄岩岛事件”。

菲律宾在中国南沙群岛有关海域进行非法油气钻探和对外招标。菲律宾还不断袭扰中国渔民和渔船正常生产作业。

2013年1月,菲律宾共和国时任政府单方面提起南海仲裁案,违反中菲通过双边谈判解决争议的协议,侵犯中国作为《公约》缔约国自主选择争端解决方式的权利,滥用《公约》争端解决程序,捏造事实,曲解法律,编造谎言,企图借此否定中国在南海的领土主权和海洋权益。

应菲律宾单方面请求建立的仲裁庭对有关诉求没有管辖权,所作裁决是无效的,没有拘束力。中国在南海的领土主权和海洋权益在任何情况下不受仲裁裁决的影响。中国不承认、不接受该裁决,反对且不接受任何以仲裁裁决为基础的主张和行动。

四、中国是维护南海和平稳定的重要力量。中国坚定维护在南海的领土主权和海洋权益的同时,坚持通过谈判协商解决争议,坚持通过规则机制管控分歧,坚持通过互利合作实现共赢,致力于同地区国家一道把南海建设成和平之海、友谊之海和合作之海。

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