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人民日报:中国完全有能力把赖在仁爱礁菲船只拖走

2016-06-27 07:21:02   人民日报

原标题:人民日报:中国意志和能力的必然选择

美国推动南海军事化、炫耀武力的言行,加深了中国对自身利益受到损害的担忧,激发了中国增强捍卫自身利益能力的决心

南海诸岛自古以来属于中国。上世纪70年代前,就南海诸岛属于中国这一点,没有任何国家提出异议。从20世纪70年代起,在巨大的资源前景的诱惑刺激下,部分沿岸国家陆续侵占中国南沙群岛部分岛礁,菲律宾和有的国家还以南沙群岛位于自其本国海岸起200海里范围内为由,企图以海洋管辖权主张来否定中国对南沙群岛的主权。用一句通俗的话说,中国南沙遭到了哄抢。中国当时不是没有能力制止非法侵占行为,而是采取了极为克制的态度。但中国是有底线的,任何一届中国政府都不会在主权问题上做任何妥协。现在,中国在南海南部没有一口油气井,中国的渔船经常被扣、渔民经常被抓。人们要问,这究竟是“以大欺小”,还是“以小欺大”?

与有关当事国在尊重历史事实的基础上,根据国际法,通过谈判协商解决领土主权重叠的争议,这是中国的一贯主张和做法。自20世纪60年代以来,中国通过谈判协商,已经与14个陆地邻国中的12个解决了边界问题,这是中国通过双边谈判协商取得的成就,也是中国奉行独立自主的外交政策、睦邻友好的周边外交政策,以及践行国际法、维护国际法最好的例证。

在南海问题上,中国始终致力于通过谈判协商妥善解决争议。2002年,中国与东盟10国签署了《南海各方行为宣言》。仁爱礁的故事是最好的说明。中国完全有能力把那艘赖在那里的菲律宾船只拖走,但为了南海稳定大局,中国善意以待、耐心等待,始终保持非常克制的态度。

菲律宾在南海问题上背信弃义的事实是清楚的。2011年,菲律宾还与中国共同发表声明,承诺坚持通过谈判协商解决争议。然而仅仅一年多时间后,菲律宾就在事先未告知中国、更未征得中国同意情况下,突然单方面提起仲裁。这种单边行为,由于中国不接受、不参与,成了菲律宾及其幕后势力背着中国搞的无聊游戏,毫无法律意义,无益问题解决,只会激发矛盾,搬起石头砸自己的脚。

关于海洋划界问题,《联合国海洋法公约》第298条明确规定,缔约国可以作出排除性声明,而中国在2006年已经作出声明,不接受包括仲裁在内的争端解决程序。这不只是中国一家的做法,世界上近30个国家都采用过这种方式。所以中国从一开始就表明不接受、不参与仲裁,更不会承认裁决,这完全符合包括《公约》在内的国际法,是正当的、合法的,是尊重国际法、维护《公约》完整性和权威性的行为。仲裁庭如果置《公约》基本原则于不顾,置国际政治常识于不顾,强行做出裁决,将开创一个危险的先例,将打开一个海上“潘多拉盒子”,仲裁者自身也将受到历史的审判。

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