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10月资金面料保持平稳

2017-09-30 07:32:52   

三季度末,资金面结构性紧张再现,但好在市场整体仍实现平稳跨季。站在当下,市场关注焦点已转至节后资金面状况。分析人士指出,在超储率处于历史低位的背景下,缴税、资金到期量较大等扰动仍不容忽视,好在“定向降准”的政策信号有助于改善市场预期,预计央行货币投放将持续“削峰填谷”。整体而言,节后流动性改善可期,10月资金面料整体平稳。

结构性失衡延续

节前最后一周,央行在公开市场继续回笼资金,市场流动性明显收敛,尤其交易所跨季资金利率持续走高。具体来看,本周上交所隔夜加权利率GC001加权均价从5%上行至12.97%,盘中一度达到23%的高点;7天加权利率GC007加权均价也从5%上涨至10.61%,盘中最高触及21%。

结合银行间市场资金利率来看,流动性紧张仍然带有明显的结构性特点。如银行间质押式回购上,代表存款类机构的DR007加权利率从本周初的3.07%下行至2.97%,R007则从周初的3.45%上行至4%,两者走势分化明显。

“今年以来超额存款准备金率和商业银行备付金率不断下行并屡创新低,说明了银行体系流动性水平并不太高;而由于以公开市场操作作为流动性投放主要工具,造成了银行体系内部流动性结构不均衡,表现为表征非存款性金融机构和存款性金融机构的融资成本的R007和DR007‘由合到分’,R007的波动性提高,短期内与DR007严重分离,且近期以来R007与DR007分离和修复的时间越来越长。”中信证券固定收益首席分析师明明点评称。

对于三季度末最后一周资金面突然收紧的原因,华创证券认为,可能有四方面的原因:一是财政投放可能不及预期,但央行依然没有加码投放流动性,而是公开市场持续抽水;二是季末临近,银行为应对跨季减少了资金融出;三是9月机构杠杆水平可能有所回升,资金需求边际上升;四是总量流动性依然偏紧。从银行体系总量流动性来看,9月超储率很难出现大幅回升,大概率仍将低于1.5%,总量流动性依然偏紧是资金面波动加剧的根本原因。

流动性改善可期

接下来的10月份是缴税大月,加之资金到期规模较大、美联储将启动缩表等因素扰动,市场流动性预期仍相对谨慎,不过节前释放出的“定向降准”的信号,显然有助于市场预期的改善。目前来看,多家机构预计,节后流动性改善可期,10月份资金面整体将保持平稳状态。

“10月资金面应当会在央行调控下保持整体平稳。”天风证券固定收益首席分析师孙彬彬指出,从传统资金面影响因素来看,10月税期开始较晚,传统上10月缴税量级会相对较大,需要相对关注届时央行操作情况;月初现金走款会有陆续回流,随后影响不大;外汇占款影响仍相对中性。在央行到期方面,10月有1600亿逆回购,总量不大且分布分散;而有三次MLF到期,总量4395亿。预计10月13日的月内首次MLF到期能得到央行的一次性续做,从而对中旬资金面产生较大的支撑。

中银国际证券同时表示,根据历史数据看,9月末可能出现小幅的节前取现压力,而这部分资金将在10月回流,一定程度上可以适当缓和10月中旬缴税的冲击。结合9月末的财政投放和10月中为年内最后一次缴税大月看,预计10月资金面将维持前松后紧的变化,但由于节日因素的影响,本次转变可能较二季度相比要平滑一些。

不过华创证券认为,跨季后资金面大概率不会重回宽松。一方面,公开市场存量规模依然较大,目前10月逆回购+MLF到期量已达1.1万亿,滚动续做压力下,央行对冲是否及时且到位仍存不确定性,资金面波动难以避免;另一方面,10月是传统的缴税大月,财政存款上缴对资金面会带来季节性的收紧效应。因此10月资金面依然难言乐观,波动恐难以避免。

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