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高质量上市公司成动能转换“脊梁”

2017-09-29 07:17:51   

从注册资本300万元到市值600亿元,从鲜为人知的学校实验室到亚太地区最大的智能语音与人工智能上市公司,科大讯飞走进资本市场,实现了华丽蜕变。科大讯飞的故事,是资本市场上无数上市公司精彩故事中的一个。

上市公司是我国经济中最具活力的群体之一。日前,中国证监会上市部相关负责人表示,沪深两市上市公司已达3300多家,覆盖全部19个行业。2016年,境内上市公司实现营业收入32.66万亿元,占去年全国GDP的44%,净利润2.76万亿元,占去年全国规模以上工业企业利润总额的40%,成为国民经济名副其实的“脊梁”。

近年来,一大批具有核心竞争力的优秀上市公司涌现出来。这些公司呈现出一个共同点:深耕实业,坚守清晰的发展战略,成为引领行业提质增效的领头羊。例如,作为电器行业龙头之一,格力电器坚持不懈地专注空调行业多年,有序拓展垂直产业链,树立了“中国制造”的榜样。

随着我国宏观经济稳中向好,转型升级加快,新增长动能不断积聚。高质量的上市公司成为推动新旧动能转换的重要力量。这些优秀上市公司不断提升科技创新能力,以新技术新业态新模式推动产业变革与发展,在培育新经济、形成新动能上取得了新突破。近三年,战略性新兴产业上市公司实现净利润占A股净利润比重上升5个百分点。今年上半年,1125家战略性新兴产业上市公司营业收入和净利润同比增速均超过25%。比如,在新一代信息技术产业公司中,不乏海康威视、京东方、网宿科技等行业领军企业。这些优质的上市公司创新驱动,厚植竞争力。如中兴通讯全方位布局5G技术,2017年上半年研发投入达66.77亿元。

资本市场也为上市公司开拓了融资渠道和平台。借力资本市场,优秀的上市公司实现了跨越式发展。中国核能电力股份有限公司上市后,公司控股机组发电量从上市前2014年的528亿千瓦时,上升至2016年的870亿千瓦时,总装机容量由2014年的977万千瓦,上升至2016年的1325万千瓦,迅速提升了公司及整个行业在国际上的竞争力和影响力。

2016年,重组新规发布后,产业整合型和转型升级型并购重组成为上市公司重大资产重组方案的主流。去年初至今年7月底,并购重组交易额达3.38万亿元,基于产业整合的并购重组超过70%。

上市公司利用并购重组,加速产业整合和转型升级,充分体现了资本市场服务供给侧结构性改革,落实“三去一降一补”任务,支持国有企业改革等国家重大战略的重要意义。比如,宝钢股份吸收合并武钢股份,合并成为中国第一、全球第二的特大型钢铁企业,提升了中国钢铁行业的国际竞争力。国电集团与神华集团合并重组,设立国家能源投资集团有限公司,合并后的集团资产超过1.8万亿元,具有十分显著的煤电联动协同效应,形成了全产业链竞争优势。

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