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动力煤 继续演绎修复贴水行情

2017-09-28 09:52:51   

多头积极增仓

7月动力煤期货明显弱于黑色金属及焦煤焦炭,直到8月底上涨行情才爆发,并持续到9月。近期用电量等宏观数据走弱和焦煤焦炭期货大幅回调拖累了动力煤期货,不过动力煤现货市场依旧火热,迅速扩大的期现价差给予了投资者充足的安全边际,吸引期货多头积极增仓,动力煤期货下跌阻力增大。

下游电煤库存依然偏低

近期动力煤现货价格上涨的导火索来自于下游电厂采购回暖,从煤炭海运费的快速上涨也可以得到印证。数据显示,夏峰过后下游电厂存煤水平基本降至历史低位,沿海地区主要发电集团的电煤库存绝对值再度跌破1000万吨,可用天数降至13天。加之今年初秋沿海地区电厂日均耗煤量依然高于往年同期水平,电煤库存不足的问题变得更为突出,促使下游电厂不得不主动补库。

此外,煤炭产能释放较慢、港口煤炭供给偏紧,继续为动力煤现货价格上涨提供有力支撑。8月我国原煤产量2.9亿吨,同比增长4.1%,增速比7月回落4.4个百分点;日均生产938.0万吨,比7月减少11.6万吨,比6月更是减少了89.8万吨,也是今年以来各月日均产量最低的一个月。预计9、10月煤炭生产将继续受限。

当前环渤海港口的煤炭库存压力也不大。整个三季度,秦皇岛港的煤炭库存一直在500万—600万吨之间波动,直到本周煤企积极组织发运之后才攀升至612万吨左右。不过,秦皇岛港锚地船舶数量依然维持在100艘以上的较高水平,港口煤炭采购形势维持火热局面。

用电量增速下滑

以全社会用电量数据为代表的宏观数据走弱,打压了投资者对于动力煤远期需求的信心,成为近期拖累期货盘面的重要因素。

数据显示,8月全社会用电量5991亿千瓦时,同比增长6.4%,环比7月的近4年最高纪录(增长9.9%)下降了3.5个百分点,也拉低前8个月用电增幅至6.8%。分析认为,8月用电量回落,除了气温因素,与短期经济尤其是工业的运行波动不无关系。

作为用电大户,8月第二产业用电量同比增长2.6%,环比7月下降10.8%,主要是有色、钢铁、电力生产等行业用电量环比减少。8月其他宏观经济数据,例如工业增加值和固定资产投资等,同样出现放缓势头,也与用电量增速下滑互为验证。

不过,国内经济可能比预期更具韧性,海外主要经济体的复苏态势也给予国内正反馈,宏观数据的短期波动不足为惧。

期货大幅贴水

在供给有限、需求升温的市场形势下,煤炭贸易商惜售情绪升温,长协合同之外的市场煤报价不断探涨。截至9月26日,秦皇岛港5500大卡动力煤现货市场报价已经超过710元/吨,与动力煤1801合约收盘价相差76.4元/吨。如此大的期货贴水幅度,吸引了期现套利资金、买入套保企业等做多力量。

交易所公布的持仓数据显示,从9月11日开始,动力煤1801合约前5名多头席位的合计持买仓量持续增加,前5名空头席位的合计持卖仓量稳中趋减,使得前5名合计净持仓不仅由空翻多,而且净多单规模不断扩大。截至9月26日,前5名多头席位合计持有79161手多单,前5名空头席位合计持有52276手空单。

综上所述,受现货坚挺和资金驱动,短期内动力煤期货市场将继续演绎修复贴水行情,下跌阻力明显加大。后续关注用电量和宏观经济数据,如果需求表现不及预期,那么动力煤期货将比现货更早回调。

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