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中国碳排放权交易报告:碳交易市场履约呈现五特点

2017-09-19 19:17:01   中国经济网

新华网北京9月19日电(何凡)近日,由碳排放权交易湖北省协同创新中心、社会科学文献出版社共同主办的《碳排放权交易蓝皮书:中国碳排放权交易报告(2017)》发布会在京举行。蓝皮书梳理了各试点碳市场启动以来历年碳配额的成交量、成交额、成交价格、履约情况等,对我国能源消耗特征、碳排放特征进行研究,对比分析了发达国家、金砖国家碳排放重点行业的碳减排潜力、碳成本和贸易密集度情况,并根据我国统一碳市场建设的进展,有针对性地提出了政策建议。

蓝皮书指出,我国碳交易市场履约呈现五大特点:

一是一次履约率不断提高。经过3至4年的运行,各试点认真评估总结履约年积累的经验和教训,并进一步完善试点相关制度设计和实施运行,更加注重前期培训和履约管理,使得试点企业更加熟悉碳市场的履约机制、市场行情、系统操作等,试点企业的主动履约意识逐渐增强。试点积累的经验教训,将为全国统一碳市场的建设提供重要借鉴。

二是履约期间量价齐升现象明显。2014年至2016年,试点地区碳交易市场履约期最明显的共同特征,就是市场成交量激增、交易价格出现不同程度的上涨,并伴随较大波动。

三是推迟完成履约现象普遍。“作为碳市场最重要的参与方,如果排放单位不能切实地作为利益相关者积极地参与碳市场交易,不仅造成市场流动性和换手率较低,而且进一步导致市场发现价格的功能失灵。”

四是均允许使用CCER进行抵消。

五是对未履约企业均设有惩罚机制。

蓝皮书称,目前中国正在试点碳市场的基础上,筹建全国统一的碳市场。而在碳市场进行顶层设计时,应设置行业竞争力保护模块,为以后开展相关工作预留足够的接口,并测算碳交易对行业竞争力的影响,建议设置行业控排系数。

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