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台风结伴而行 水稻生产蒙尘

2017-09-18 09:21:43   中国经济网

上周,我国中东部天气基本利于作物产量形成,但华南和江南受“秋老虎”及台风外围云系影响,多雨且高温,一季稻收晒受阻,晚稻遭遇“雨洗禾花”。美国佛罗里达也被飓风“厄玛”骚扰,包含甘蔗在内的多种经济作物的生产蒙尘。美国玉米带无明显降雨,所幸本周将迎来充沛雨水,有效提振墒情,作物生长环境改善。

我国作物产区

上周,我国中东部多晴天,散墒速度加快,有助于秋收作物产量形成及早熟玉米收获。而西南大部秋雨持续发生,不利于成熟期作物的收晒,品质或下滑。目前,四川等地墒情严重过量,若未来一段时间情况得不到改善,则会对秋种备耕构成威胁。周内双台风袭击华南、江南,伴随而来的强风雨不利于一季稻收获,也迫使抽穗开花期的晚稻遭遇“雨洗禾花”,产量或下滑。

本周,华西降雨仍较常年同期偏高,高温高湿加大了喜湿性病虫害发生的概率,好在作物已经过了生长关键期,其对产量的影响有限。重庆等地的水稻开始收获,受困于雨水,收晒进度略缓。“秋老虎”威力不减,不利于华南晚稻健壮生长。与此同时,东北雨水增多,产区春玉米进入成熟收获期,过度降雨易造成籽粒发芽、霉变。

北美作物产区

10日,超强飓风“厄玛”登陆美国佛罗里达,该州经济作物均受损害。之后向北移动,佐治亚、阿拉巴马、田纳西州出现明显降雨,田间偏湿,不利于玉米、大豆等作物生长。更北部的俄亥俄一带也有少量降雨,偏干环境得到改善。上周,玉米带大部分地区仍缺乏降雨,散墒速度加快,不利于玉米、大豆生长。上周末,大平原北部则出现降雨,预计可以改善土壤墒情,缓解干旱。

本周,美国玉米带将发生持续降雨,爱荷华及伊利诺伊的降水可能持续一周,进而缓和市场对干燥天气的忧虑,有利于玉米、大豆等作物生长,但会对早熟作物品质构成压力。北部平原有短暂晴天,之后又将有降雨过程,有利于产区增墒补墒。气温方面,本周,美国整体偏温暖的天气可令玉米、大豆成熟过程加速,缩小作物发育水平与常年同期的差距。

东南亚作物产区

上周,印度北方邦天气转晴,有助于田间作业;其余产区阴雨不散,墒情持续过量。本周,印度降雨多集中在中部,高温高湿加速病虫害发展,不利于作物健康生长。

上周末,受台风影响,越南中北部有中到大雨,低洼农田积水,水稻收获进度延迟。本周,台风“杜苏芮”将自东向西进入泰国北部,水稻产区雨水较往年同期偏多,部分作物或受淹、倒伏。

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