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2017中国跨境消费年度报告出炉 电子支付环境亟需完善
9月11日,新华社《经济参考报》(简称“新华EID”)与Visa联合在京发布《中国跨境消费年度指数报告(2017)》(以下简称《报告》)。《报告》称,除北美外,中国居民出、入境旅游的主要目的地都集中在“一带一路”沿线国家和地区,相关跨境旅游市场的发展问题应引起高度重视。其中存在的旅游贸易逆差问题,应通过进一步推进中国的经济结构转型升级和对外开放来解决;进一步完善国内旅游消费环境,包括与国际接轨的电子支付受理环境等,是推动“一带一路”沿线客源国游客来我国入境旅游发展的努力方向。
据了解,本《报告》的案例研究选取了“一带一路”沿线的11个样本市场,包括俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、捷克、波兰、德国、瑞士、英国、意大利、西班牙、马来西亚和澳大利亚等。此外,《报告》还延续了以往的研究内容,针对中国其他主要跨境旅游市场和跨境电子商务贸易伙伴进行了研究,获得了有价值的发现。
扭转旅游贸易逆差 练好内功是根本
《报告》显示,除北美外,中国居民出入境旅游的主要目的地都集中在“一带一路”沿线。根据联合国世界旅游组织(UNWTO) 2015年公布的数据,中国居民赴“一带一路”沿线国家和地区旅游的目的地主要包括三个方向:港澳台及东南亚地区、日本/韩国及欧洲地区(不含俄罗斯)。第一是港澳台及东南亚国家和地区,约占中国居民出境旅游市场份额的36.3%;第二是日本和韩国,约占9.5%;第三是欧洲地区(不含俄罗斯),约占4%以上。中国居民赴中亚地区旅游人数较少。2016年以来,随着卢布大幅贬值,中国居民赴俄罗斯旅游人数有所上升。
“一带一路”沿线国家和地区入境中国的客源国/地国际游客同样主要来自与目的地市场相似的三个地区:一是港澳台及东南亚国家和地区;二是日本和韩国;三是欧洲地区(含俄罗斯)。
《报告》指出,中国与“一带一路”沿线国家和地区旅游市场依然存在挑战。最为明显的是:第一、跨境旅游市场发展的不对称性,旅游贸易逆差严重,跨境旅游支出远高于收入;第二、跨境旅游市场发展的不平衡性,东南亚和东亚地区“一带一路”沿线国家占据了中国出境旅游市场的主要份额,而俄罗斯、中亚各国和欧洲国家所占我国出境游市场的份额较低;第三、跨境旅游和人文交流发展滞后于中国与“一带一路”沿线国家和地区之间的经贸发展;第四、旅游基础设施建设相对滞后,如机场、航线等因素影响跨境旅游市场发展。
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