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1.2亿投资者“全链条”保护体系已形成

2017-09-12 07:13:24   中国经济网

■本报记者 朱宝琛

面对超过1.2亿的投资者,如何保护好他们的合法权益,是监管层必须面对和解决的现实问题。不过,随着我国资本市场的发展成熟,以及一系列专门的规定相继出台,“全链条”式的投资者保护体系已经形成。

加强顶层设计

夯实投资者保护制度基础

投资者保护制度体系日益完善,包括证券法、公司法、证券投资者基金法、刑法及大量行政法规和规章共同构建了投资者保护的规则体系。

2013年12月底,《国务院办公厅关于进一步加强资本市场中小投资者合法权益保护工作的意见》正式发布,从九个方面对投资者保护工作作出部署。这是我国资本市场投资者保护的纲领性文件。

正在修订中的证券法,也强化了投资者保护的要求:增加投资者保护专章,增加规范现金分红、投资者适当性管理、投资者利益损失补偿、法律救济渠道等方面规定;增加信息披露的内容、明确信息披露的方式,强调信息披露应当真实、准确、完整,简明清晰、通俗易懂;规范上市公司停复牌行为;增加证监会投资者教育、处置系统性风险的职责等。

今年7月1日起正式实施的《证券期货投资者适当性管理办法》,是我国证券期货市场首部投资者保护专项规章。基于“了解你的客户”的理念,建构起“把适当的产品卖给适合的投资者”为原则的基础性、中枢性、底线性投资者适当性管理制度,是统领市场适当性管理制度的“母法”性质的文件。

强化监管

将投资者保护嵌入各环节

“投资者保护重如泰山”“保护中小投资者合法权益是天大的事”。从一系列的举措来看,监管层将投资者保护嵌入到了工作中的各个环节。比如,在股票发行改革、退市、并购重组、公司债券、新三板等制度建设中全面嵌入投资者保护要求。

以新股发行审核为例,今年前7个月,发审委共审核了329家企业的首发申请,其中,否决43家,否决率为13.07%,远高于2016年2.21%的水平。

同时,在新股发行制度改革中纳入专门的投资者保护机制,包括建立摊薄即期回报补偿机制,要求首发企业制定切实可行的填补回报措施;建立保荐机构先行赔付制度,要求保荐机构在公开募集及上市文件中作出先行赔付承诺等。

对投资者而言,如何保障自身的知情权、参与权、回报权等各项合法权益?对此,监管层也充分考虑了这一点,比如,完善信息披露制度、完善中小投资者投票参与机制、优化投资者回报机制等。

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