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头顶天花板 货基野蛮生长会否终结

2017-09-11 08:57:39   中国经济网

经过今年春夏的疯狂生长后,货币基金迎来了萧瑟之秋。

近日发布的《公开募集开放式证券投资基金流动性风险管理规定》(下称“新规”)第二十九条要求,同一基金管理人所管理采用摊余成本法进行核算的货币市场基金的月末资产净值合计不得超过该基金管理人风险准备金月末余额的200倍。

这意味着,基金公司的货币基金规模迎来了“天花板”。

“短期内肯定对规模有一定影响。”业内人士分析称,“不过每家基金公司的实际情况不同,相应的应对策略也不一样。”

“补血”各有招

《国际金融报》记者根据Wind数据算出了各家基金公司根据新规需要计提的风险准备金。

Wind数据显示,截至9月5日,全市场货币基金规模约为5.31万亿元,需要计提的风险准备金高达265.51亿元。其中,天弘、工银瑞信、易方达两家基金公司需要准备的风险金都在10亿元以上,建信、招商、南方、汇添富、嘉实、博时、华夏基金所需的风险金均超过6亿元。此外,平安大华、中银基金等17家基金公司需要准备的风险金也都超过2亿元。

要达到这样的风险准备金要求,对基金公司来说,难吗?“各家的风险准备金金额是保密的,一般来说,像‘老十家’这样成立时间较长的公司家底比较厚,对于数亿的风险准备金还是能承受的。”北京一家基金公司相关业务负责人向《国际金融报》记者表示,“货币基金规模大、成立时间又不长的基金公司压力会比较大。”

面对高门槛,业内已经有公司在研究如何绕路。“理论上来讲,基金公司可以通过使用市值法而不是摊余成本法来规避新规的限制。”业内人士向记者分析,目前市场上大部分货币基金均采用摊余成本法,不考虑市场上的风险因素。在市场出现剧烈波动情况下,基金会发生大幅度的负偏离情形。“但是,改成市值法以后,货币基金很可能会因市场波动而出现亏损,不符合产品定位,会计层面也很难实操,客户不一定欢迎。”上述人士表示。

与之相比,“最直接的解决方案就是补充资本金,每增加1亿元就可以增加200亿规模。”上海一家基金公司相关负责人李杨(化名)告诉《国际金融报》记者,“我们公司账面上还有钱,可能会用自有资金去补充风险准备金。”

李杨给记者算了一笔账:“如果一家基金公司现在的货币基金规模在200多亿元,能补充5000万的风险准备金,可以相应增加100亿的货币基金规模,暂时也够用了。”

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