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沪港深38家上市中资行净利大比拼 有哪些成效归因?

2017-09-11 07:27:39   中国经济网

(原标题:沪港深38家上市中资行净利大比拼 有哪些成效归因?)

在宏观经济和整体金融环境的大变局下,银行的应对能力和风险控制水平会深刻影响各家银行当前的排位和未来的前途。当创新和风控相冲突时,管理层通常会以风控为首要前提

《投资者报》记者 占昕

伴随沪港深三地38家上市中资行业绩的揭晓,2017年上市银行大比拼的上半场告一段落。令人可喜的是,资产规模稳定增长,资产结构有所改善,不良贷款压力缓解,部分银行呈现出强劲的增长势头,但也有少数中小银行有“掉队”的隐忧。

整体来看,如今的上市银行已“三分天下”,净利润千亿、百亿及百亿以下的银行同台竞技,呈现出截然不同的或“攻”或“守”的态势。宏观调控和“营改增”尽管给了部分银行喘息的机会,但在整体金融环境的变局中,大银行求转型,中银行求发展,小银行求生存,不同的应对能力将拉大银行间的分化程度。

是什么样的原因使得上市银行几家欢喜几家愁?银行利润高速增长与贴地飞行甚至负增长的背后都有哪些看点?

“营改增”助力多数银行净利增长

《投资者报》记者通过整理38家上市银行的年报发现,2017年上半年合并净利润(下同)同比增速位居前十的银行中,除招商银行是净利润百亿级别的全国性股份制商业银行外,其余都是城商行和农商行,半年净利润在4亿元到56亿元之间不等。

其中广州农商行虽然今年6月才在香港联交所正式挂牌交易,却以26.4亿元的合并净利润及25%的同比增速问鼎全榜之冠,紧随其后的是贵阳银行、浙商银行、南京银行和中原银行,净利分别同比增长22.7%、18.3%、16.9%和16.5%。

在净利增长“十强”榜单之中,吴江银行是唯一一家半年净利10亿元以下的小银行。其上半年合并净利润4.41亿元,以11.1%的净利增速位居第十。

值得关注的是,多数银行出现了营收下滑与净利润增长的指标背离现象。对此,多位业内人士认为与“营改增”有关。

“上半年因为营改增价税分离,银行业整体营业收入要保持正增长是比较难的。”浦发银行资产负债管理部总经理陈海宁说。

虽然“营改增”一方面降低了银行的营收,但另一方面更加降低了部分银行的税收负担,因此对一部分银行来说有助于提升净利润。《投资者报》记者统计发现,25家A股上市银行的税金在今年上半年大幅减少了七八成之多。税金降幅最大的是兴业银行,高达87%,较去年同期减少42亿元,降幅最小的中国银行也有68%。而净利增速第一的广州农商行将原“营业税金及附加”改为“税金及附加”后,上半年该科目的税费金额较去年同期大幅减少逾80%至0.8亿元,对净利润的正增长也做出了正面贡献。

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