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好风凭借力 普惠正当时

2017-09-08 14:06:52   中国经济网

发展普惠金融是一项关乎我国经济结构调整和发展方式转型、关乎人民福祉的重大事业。党的十八大以来,国家制定了一系列普惠金融相关政策,银行业也开始了对普惠金融发展的全面布局,促使我国普惠金融进入了“黄金时代”。

我们看到,过去五年来,金融机构努力提升普惠金融服务水平,不断推动网点渠道创新转型,在便民、惠民金融领域加大创新支持力度,金融服务覆盖面明显扩大。无论城市居民还是偏远乡村的农牧民,越来越多的人成为普惠金融的受益者。普惠金融的发展为中小微企业、“三农”及贫困地区等薄弱领域打开了共同发展的窗口,使其看到了共同创富的希望。 

拾遗补缺普惠金融被寄予厚望 

“普惠金融”是在2005国际小额贷款会议上首次提出的,其核心是能有效、全方位地为社会所有阶层和群体提供金融服务。中小微企业、农民、城镇低收入人群、贫困人群和残疾人、老年人等特殊群体是当前我国普惠金融重点服务对象。 

长期以来,农户贷款难是农村经济发展中的“老大难”。据中国社科院2016年发布的《“三农”互联网金融蓝皮书》显示,自2014年起,我国“三农”金融缺口超过3万亿元。2015年,我国农牧渔业贷款约为3.5万亿,仅占到全口径贷款的3.7%,远远低于农业增加值占GDP中9%的比例。在信用贷款方面,目前只有27%的农户能从正规渠道获得贷款,40%以上有金融需求的农户难以获得贷款。 

不仅是“三农”金融,中小微企业也同样遭遇融资难题。 

中小微企业作为实体经济的重要组成部分,在促进市场竞争、增加就业机会、方便群众生活、推进技术创新、推动国民经济发展和保持社会稳定等方面发挥着重要作用。工信部数据显示,中小企业提供了50%以上的税收,创造了60%以上的国内生产总值,完成了70%以上的发明专利,提供了80%以上的城镇就业岗位。 

然而,大量中小企业、小微商户的投融资需求,远远没有被满足。据中国中小企业协会中小企业融资状况调查显示,在受调查的企业中,超过一半的企业在发展壮大过程中有融资需求。但从实际情况来看,仍有许多中小企业却因信用记录不完善、抵押品缺乏等原因,难以获得银行贷款等外部融资,即使获得融资也不得不承受较高的融资成本,有时甚至超出其承受能力。 

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