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沥青 后期依旧偏弱

2017-09-07 09:52:06   中国经济网

近期,国内多地道路施工因极端天气及环保检查等因素影响放缓,沥青期货价格接连走低。截至9月6日收盘,沥青主力合约1712收盘在2608元/吨,较上周五跌98元/吨。预计后期沥青期价依旧偏弱。

成本支撑较弱

自8月1日开始,国际原油开启了新的振荡下行走势,截至目前,WTI原油在48.3美元/桶,8月30日一度较7月31日收盘跌4.59美元/桶,跌幅在9%。传统的夏季用油高峰造成的原油库存下滑没能挽救国际油价,OPEC的限产协议受到广泛质疑。

业内更为关注的是,美国不断增加的产量和未来用油相对减少后市场的预期。目前来看,美国夏季用油高峰已过,飓风“哈维”又造成原油用量大幅下滑,后市预期欠佳。

油价下滑使得沥青这个与原油紧密相关的产品走势偏弱,尤其未来国际原油仍有下滑预期,沥青的成本端支撑较弱,结合今年以来国际原油在42—52美元/桶之间振荡,国内沥青厂家多数时间一直在使用较为低价的原油进行生产,厂家利润丰厚,成本支撑较差。

供应开始增加

6月底,沥青开始上涨,主要原因是国内炼厂轮换检修,沥青整体供应减少,据统计,6月底国内炼厂开机率在54%左右,沥青炼厂库存率在39%。而截至目前,国内沥青炼厂的开机率已经恢复至60%左右,炼厂的库存率则下降至32%。在这一轮炼厂检修过程中,国内炼厂的库存得到了有效释放,价格也一路走高。但伴随着炼厂检修的结束,国内沥青库存势必还要增加。

今年是石化装置的小检修年,本身检修的装置就少,且大多又集中在6—8月,检修一旦结束,整体供应立即恢复,这一点从近期沥青厂家不断攀升的开机率上可以看出,而另一方面,沥青的预期需求却并没有那么好。

需求淡季来临

从我国沥青的消费特点来看,6—8月为传统消费旺季,11月至次年2月为传统消费淡季,因为冬季北方天气寒冷,道路施工几乎陷入停滞,整体需求较差。今年上半年,国内基建投资高于预期,沥青的整体用量也创出了数年来新高。同时,虽然沥青厂家库存一直较低,但沥青的社会库存一直处于相对高位,加之进口沥青价格不高,因此沿海地区沥青价格偏弱。根据我国基建投资的特点,上半年投资建设进度良好,任务完成较快,下半年就有相对减少的预期,故下半年沥青用量可能会相对减少。

原油价格走低,炼厂检修结束开工恢复,供应开始增加,又面临传统淡季来临需求减少的预期,这是近期国内沥青期货走势偏弱的主因。此外,当前沥青期货仓单量较大,社会库存较多,说明整体消耗不尽如人意。

综上,受多重利空因素影响,预计未来沥青整体走势偏弱。

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