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错过阿里不愿错过阿美 港交所欲加速改革力争重磅IPO

2017-09-07 07:56:56   中国经济网

在错过阿里巴巴后,港交所不愿再错过沙特阿美(Saudi Aramco)这个石油巨无霸。去年,沙特阿美宣布2018年下半年进行首次公开募股(IPO),出售公司约5%的股份。根据其目前最高2万亿美元的估值计算,其IPO规模将达1000亿美元,或创全球最高纪录。

港交所力争沙特阿美来港上市。今年力推的“创新板”概念咨询两周前结束,总裁李小加指出,大部分声音赞同香港需要吸引新经济公司,同意“同股不同权”制度,他希望短时间进入第二阶段咨询,于2018年推出创新板。此外,港交所还计划推进“新股通”,允许内地投资者在香港市场认购新股和允许香港的全球投资者认购内地新股。这两项政策将成为竞争类似沙特阿美等重磅IPO来港上市的优质筹码。

史上最大IPO预计明后年落地

沙特阿美是世界上最大的原油生产公司,在全球石油市场供应中,大约每9桶石油中就有1桶产自沙特阿美,该公司拥有世界上最多的陆上和海上油田,贡献了沙特近20%的财政收入以及85%的税收收入。自去年沙特政府宣布阿美将进行IPO至今,全球各地交易所普遍绞尽脑汁争取沙特阿美前来挂牌。

沙特阿美目前市场最高估值是2万亿美元,相当于两个苹果公司加上谷歌的总市值。各大投行和咨询公司普遍对阿美的估值为1万亿至1.5万亿美元。若以2万亿美元计,沙特阿美约5%左右的业务就高达1000亿美元,将成为史上最大IPO.

若类比业务类似的中石化、中石油来计算,每日的换手率在0.7%左右,第一年股价平均涨幅30%,IPO额度为800亿美元,那么第一年就能给港交所带来约8000万美元的收入。这仅仅是一个非常保守的估计。并且,借着沙特阿美和沙特、甚至整个阿拉伯证券行业建立联系也是每一个交易所求之不得的机会。沙特阿美上市除了给交易量带来重大提振,并可能帮助交易所赢得其它海湾国家公司的上市机会。

目前阿美IPO最早的预期可能将会是2018年左右,但是市场分析人士表示,公司现在还没有选好交易所,加上油价近期表现疲软,低油价的行情会对沙特阿美上市的估值有所影响,所以阿美的IPO不排除推迟到2019年上半年的可能。

港交所奋力改革争取机会

因四年前无法接受“同股不同权”,港交所与阿里巴巴失之交臂。此次面对未来的重磅IPO,港交所积极改革。首先就是积极推出“创新板”。“创新板”又分为创新初板和创新主板,两个板块均允许采纳“不同投票权构架”,即“同股不同权”的公司上市,同时设快速除牌机制。市场分析人士表示,鉴于美国和沙特多年来的关系,沙特王储可能会出于政治考量,让沙特阿美在纽交所上市。但信息披露程序以及复杂的监管,可能在法律上干预沙特政府的主权。而港交所若能适时推出接受“同股不同权”的创新板,虽说是为了吸引更多新经济的企业,但对于一家股权极度集中并且封闭的公司仍具有吸引力。“创新板”概念咨询两周前刚刚结束,港交所总裁李小加表示多数声音支持“同股不同权”,并希望短时间内开启第二阶段咨询,并能于2018年推出“创新板”。

同时,港交所表示“新股通”计划也对沙特阿美赴港上市起到推进作用。港交所在《战略规划2016-2018》中提出,新股通将允许内地投资者在香港市场认购新股,以及允许香港的全球投资者认购内地市场的新股。新股上市后,另一方市场的投资者还可以透过现有的沪深港通机制进行买卖。对香港而言,“新股通”将有助于吸引海外公司来港上市,增加投资者参与度,进一步激活市场,并为市场中介机构带来更多的商机。若“新股通”能够推出,配合二级市场的沪深港通,将吸引更多内地资金和金融产品,也能吸引更多国际资金和金融产品流入中国。

李小加曾表示,如果内地投资者能够在香港投资新股,沙特阿美和新股通两者将会是两方的完美催化剂。而对于“新股通”落地的时间,李小加表示,“新股通”是下一件大事,但会“需要一段时间”。

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