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债市供给压力不容忽视

2017-09-05 07:51:52   中国经济网

刚刚过去的8月份,债券一级市场发行规模相比7月上升幅度较大,但从发行情况看,一级市场招标情况小幅弱于7月,中标利率相对上日二级市场高低不一,说明在发行量大幅增加及8月资金面偏紧的背景下,市场对债券的配置小幅走弱。市场人士指出,上半年债市动荡导致发行量锐减,导致下半年发行量压力较大,然而从债券配置的主要力量商业银行来看,当前的配置需求不强,后续供给压力不容忽视。

8月配置需求偏弱

据申万宏源证券的统计,8月份一级市场共发行利率债6809.7亿元,发行量较7月增加1372.7亿元。其中发行国债3337.3亿元,发行国开债1938亿元,发行非国开债1534.4亿元,政策性金融债的发行情况整体好于国债。此外,财政部定向发行特别国债6000亿元。

从中标情况来看,国债方面,整体中标利率在2.8112%-4.1768%之间,中标利率相对上日二级市场高低不一,中标倍数在1.94-4.04之间,显示市场对国债的配置需求较为疲弱;国开债的中标利率在3.5257%-4.3424%之间,中标利率整体低于上日二级市场,中标倍数在2.06-4.73之间,整体发行情况好于国债;非国开债的中标利率在3.5970%-4.3810%之间,中标利率相对上日二级市场高低不一,中标倍数在1.96-5.52之间,非国开债配置需求好于国债及国开债,表现尚可。

后续供给压力加大

市场人士指出,从债市供需来看,后续利率债和信用债供给将加速,而目前看需求仍无大起色,后续供给压力不容忽视。

海通证券指出,预估下半年利率债发行量将达到6.15万亿元(不含特别国债),对应9月-12月发行量3.55万亿元、同比多增5700亿元。同业存单方面,9月至12月将有5.9万亿元存单到期、同比多增1.96万亿。信用债方面,下半年到期续发压力加大,且前期取消发行积攒了融资需求。可见供给压力不容忽视。

针对9月一级市场情况,招商证券进一步指出,9月利率债的净融资量预计在4000亿元左右,从全年来看,单月规模不算大,所以估计对市场流动性的压力不大。信用债方面,9月信用债到期总量4858亿元,一方面,如果考虑到完全对冲到期,新债供给在5000亿元左右,在年内单月供给中等水平;另一方面,按照7-8月情况推算,由于市场需求和资金面影响,8月净融资环比出现回落。9月受跨季和同业存单到期扰动,市场承接能力依旧偏弱,倘若实现净融资与8月一致,信用债总供给将在6000亿元左右,低于此前两月水平,对市场冲击尚不足虑。不过从债券配置的主要力量商业银行来看,当前的配置需求不强。

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