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万亿市场蛋糕难“入口” 售电公司“赔不起”或将出局

2017-09-04 07:11:07   中国经济网

每经记者 苏杰德 每经编辑 赵 桥

“新电改有望开启万亿级市场,售电侧放开可能成为本轮改革的最大红利。”在新电改启动后,万亿市场蛋糕的诱惑频频引发电力业界和资本市场的关注。据《每日经济新闻》记者不完全统计,目前已有国电电力(600795,SH)、科陆电子(002121,SZ)、比亚迪(002594,SZ)、漳泽电力(000767,SZ)等超过20家上市公司进入售电市场,而全国注册成立的售电公司已有约6400家。

近日,山西电力市场的交易价格纷争,也让售电公司的竞争环境和经营困局越来越受关注,售电公司似乎并不像此前预期的那样赚钱,甚至出现“烧钱”竞争导致出局的情况。

“万亿大蛋糕的市场,可原来抱着蛋糕的人不愿意放下。”长期关注电改的电力行业研究专家展曙光认为,接下来一定会有大量售电公司出局。

独立售电公司直呼钱难挣

和那些以发电、电网企业成立的售电公司相比,一家民营售电公司负责人邱先生的公司属于基本上没有任何资产的所谓独立售电公司。在刚过去的山西省9月度电力直接交易中,邱先生几乎白忙了一场。

“作为售电公司,我根据规则参与了交易,你不能说等我交易完了说不行(指安全校核没通过),然后就没我们售电公司什么事了。”邱先生告诉记者,在这个过程中,民营售电公司本来利润就薄,现在交易终止让他这个月不仅没能盈利还产生了损失。

2015年,新电改方案出炉后,最为开放的售电环节,吸引了大批参与者。面对前景广阔的售电市场,社会资本竞相涌入。按照电改9号文件,政府支持多途径培育市场主体,鼓励社会资本投资成立售电主体,允许其从发电企业购买电量向用户销售。

然而,对于中小售电公司来说,赚取买卖差价的盈利模式,在实际操作时利润并不高。此外,第三方售电公司信息渠道相对闭塞,上下游都不占优势,在夹缝中难以盈利。

“没有办法啊,售电公司很渺小的,尤其是像我们这样单独售电的。”另一家不愿透露名字的售电公司工作人员告诉《每日经济新闻》记者。这家企业在山西9月份的交易中,有两个项目没能交易成功。

售电市场争议不断,尽管有很多困难,但售电市场依然被行业和众多机构看好。有分析师就表示,在电力供给侧改革和电改红利释放等多重因素驱动下,电改在2017年将进入第二轮爆发期。而目前,各省都在加速布局售电市场,超千家售电公司跃跃欲试,掘金万亿元售电市场。

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