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近500公司逾千亿资金征战股市 “炒股”成业绩双刃剑

2017-09-01 08:16:45   中国经济网

半年报数据显示,上半年共490家上市公司进行股票投资,初始投资金额合计达1252.45亿元。在A股总体企稳向好的背景下,既有上市公司逢高兑现利润,也有上市公司加速入市。“炒股”成绩成为业绩“双刃剑”,有的上市公司股票投资收益大幅增厚半年报业绩,有的上市公司则因股票投资失利而被拖入亏损泥潭。业内人士表示,上市公司在主业稳定、现金流充沛的情况下,适当进行股票投资有利于提高资金使用效率,增加投资收益,丰富投资组合。不过,在主业不振的情况下,以“炒股”为生则是“不务正业”,不但会加大公司业绩的波动,还会侵占发展主业的资金,拖累公司主业发展和业绩表现。

近500公司“炒股”

从已公布的上市公司半年报来看,上半年共有490家上市公司持有其他上市公司股票,较去年底增加了83家;初始投资金额合计为1252.45亿元,较去年底减少176.05亿元。上半年,由于A股市场总体向好,既有上市公司逢高兑现利润,也有上市公司加速入市。

在490家公司中,投资金额最高的为上港集团,共持有4家A股公司(招商银行、交通银行、丰华股份、申万宏源)和1家H股公司(邮储银行)的股份,初始投资成本达141.5亿元。上港集团去年作为基石投资者参与邮储银行H股IPO,仅该项投资的初始投资成本就高达138.65亿元。

投资股票数量最多的是桂东电力。公司爱好“打新”,总投资金额不大,单只股票的投资金额基本为几千元,但在手股票的数量高达83只。公司半年报表示,国海证券为原先持有外,广汽集团、纳川股份、宁波精达、网达软件股票为公司自筹资金从二级市场买入,其余均为公司通过新股申购中签买入。

从会计处理来看,不少公司将股票投资计入“交易性金融资产”,但更多的公司计入“可供出售金融资产”或“长期股权投资”科目,长期持有的意图很明显。

今年以来,上市公司大举买入甚至“举牌”同行业上市公司的案例多发。例如,长江电力及其一致行动人斥资逾23亿元举牌国投电力,大北农举牌荃银高科并逼近第二次举牌线,永辉超市举牌中百集团。

“炒股”非长久之计

对于上市公司来说,“炒股”是业绩“双刃剑”。有的公司“炒股”收益大幅增厚了公司业绩。以海螺水泥为例,在股票投资大赚18.6亿元的情况下,公司上半年业绩达67.17亿元。从过往业绩来看,稳定的股票投资收益已成为海螺水泥一项重要的盈利途径。海螺水泥的股票投资建立在稳定的主业基础上,这使得公司能从容地长期持有手中股票。近年来,海螺水泥只买卖同行业上市公司股票,价值投资和战略投资的意图非常明确。

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