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“保险+期货”服务“三农”更贴心

2017-08-31 09:49:21   中国经济网

增加收入险 突破单一险种类型

记者了解到,今年“保险+期货”项目的一个突破就是在险种类型上。今年南华期货、华信期货、鲁证期货、浙商期货等公司的9个项目推出了收入险。与农产品单价低于保价时提供差价补偿的价格保险不同,收入险考虑到影响农民收入的两方面因素——价格和产量。当农民实际收入低于预期收入时,赔付农民差额部分。

鲁证期货与人保财险联合设计了针对玉米种植户的收入保险,保险公司将收入保险风险分为两部分。其中,玉米价格风险通过购买鲁证经贸有限公司(下称鲁证经贸)提供的场外期权进行对冲,产量风险由再保险公司承担一半左右,剩余部分由人保财险承担。鲁证经贸将从保险公司承接的价格风险通过场内期货市场进行对冲,承保因产量和价格下降所致的农户收入损失。

一般而言,产量和单价是方向相反的两个变量,价格险避免了农民丰产不丰收,但是如果遇到因灾害或者其他因素引发减产,农产品单价走高,价格险就难以保障农民收入。而且,在全国丰收的情况下,也可能出现某一个地区因当地特殊情况而减产,当地农民面临着价格与产量“双低”的问题。收入险保障的是农民的预期收入,兼顾农业生产中价格和产量两个核心要素,提供的保障更为全面。

与一般场外业务相比,“保险+期货”项目直接面对种植户和合作社等农业生产终端,该客户群体对农产品相关的衍生品认识和使用水平有限,而且业务较为分散、个体利润薄、对价格的敏感度性高。

虽然现阶段的“保险+期货”模式可以通过保险公司健全的网络将很多零散农户集合起来,解决期货公司的市场开发问题。但在投保成本上,目前的价格险相对于其他险种来说,保费偏高,农户很难独立承担。相对于风险管理公司开展的其他类型场外业务,“保险+期货”项目的商业化进程较为缓慢。实际上,美国等发达国家的农业保险除了政府补助资金以外,商业化、市场化才是更全面广泛地保障农户种植收入的方式。

据华信物产衍生品部负责人马永波介绍,今年华信期货联合人保财险共同开展的大豆收入险项目由农场和农户支付全额保费。从市场发展的角度来看,这不仅反映出农场对“保险+期货”模式以及收入险的认可,也会对整个市场形成很好的示范效应。

现货主体加入 共同应对基差风险

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