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郑棉 上行压力将逐步增大

2017-08-30 09:52:38   中国经济网

国储轮出临近结束

加长版抛储只剩下一个月时间,随着抛储结束,国储棉带给国内棉纺市场的“福利”暂告结束。在随之而来的新旧棉转换期,偏高的棉花期初库存增加了新年度供应,国产纱竞争力下降降低棉花需求。

国储棉成交量骤增

受外棉连续大幅下挫影响,近期国储棉基准价一路降至本轮最低点14423元/吨,而2016年产棉花长期稳定在15900元/吨附近,因此国储棉性价比明显提高。低价的国储棉吸引市场尤其是贸易商积极竞拍囤积,国储棉日成交率由不足40%突然提升至90%以上,非有效供应的国储棉库存转化为有效的棉花商业库存速度加快,8月国储棉成交有望超过52万吨,而前5个月平均成交量为42万吨。

2016年抛储临近结束时,国储棉成交价格跟随成交率的回升而走高,而2017年国储棉成交率骤增但没有带动成交价回升,相反,因美棉下挫,国储棉成交均价一路走低,最低降至13955元/吨,与期货价差达到1400元/吨的高位,买国储棉抛郑棉成为市场选择。

9月是抛储的最后一个月,国储棉量价又会如何变化呢?近期由于炒作“哈维”飓风损害德州棉花产量,美棉连续反弹,但美棉大幅增产预期仍是市场主导因素,美棉或维持区间振荡,美棉对抛储基准价的带动有限,价格维持低位的国储棉将继续吸引市场眼球。此外,纺企出于提前为新年度备货,竞拍国储棉的意愿也较强,因此9月国储棉成交价上涨空间不大,但成交率或延续高位。

图为国内棉花商业库存(单位:万吨)

新旧棉无缝对接

截至8月25日,国储棉累计成交率达69.5%,共成交254万吨,因此2017/2018年度出现偏高的期初库存,预计8月底在100万吨,较上年同期增加近40万吨。9月国储棉将继续高速向商业库存转化,市场将平稳过渡至10月新棉集中上市。

2016/2017年度,国内棉花需求明显增加,月均棉花需求达到73万吨,而上年度只有64万吨。需求回升主要得益于低价的国储棉:一是降低国内纺织成本,提高国产纱竞争力,从而增加国内棉花需求;二是推动下游纺企增加纱线和坯布库存;三是降低了化学纤维对棉花的替代。自2017年6月开始,代表新棉价格的国内棉花价格指数与外棉价差快速扩大,最高在2000元/吨以上,但内外纱线价差却并没有大的变化。在内外棉价差处于高位的背景下,国产纱仍存在竞争优势,6、7月我国纱线净进口同比减少10.7%,棉布净出口同比增加0.6%。

而随着9月底抛储结束,国内纺企用棉将逐步由低价国储转向高价新棉,而在原料成本大幅增加的情况下,国产纱竞争力会下降,进口纱对国内市场的冲击将显现,从而降低国内纺企对国内棉花的需求。

总之,新年度国内棉花期初库存将明显高于上年。而随着国储棉轮出结束,国产纱竞争力下降,棉花需求也将随之下滑。因此,郑棉上行压力也将逐步增大。

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