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27家上市券商半年赚386亿元 9家同比增长

2017-08-30 07:20:28   中国经济网

本报记者 李 文

昨日晚间,又有5家上市券商发布半年报,其中海通证券实现营业收入128亿元,刷新此前的排名,占据行业第二的位置。至此,除中国银河之外,已有27家A股上市券商中报出齐。27家券商共计实现营业收入1171.5亿元,实现净利润386.3亿元。

“国家队”的增持以及较低的估值,让券商股近期集体上涨。继本周一券商股整体大涨之后,昨日个股出现分化。

海通证券营收居第二

直投业务进入收获期

昨日晚间,海通证券、光大证券等五家券商发布半年报,其中海通证券实现营业收入128亿元,同比增长6.08%,位居行业第二;实现净利润40.2亿元,同比下滑5.65%,排名第四。总体来看,上半年海通证券的直投业务、资产管理业务、投资银行业务收入较去年同期均实现较大幅度增长,但公司经纪业务收入受市场因素影响有所下降。

上半年,收入占比最大的依旧是证券及期货经纪业务,实现利润总额 19.9亿元,占比 34.2%。作为最早一批涉水互联网证券业务的券商,海通证券在今年以来继续发力互联网证券业务。完善互联网金融服务,拓展数字化运营模式,完成了 e海通财多版本的更新和上线,截至6月末,e海通财用户数达到1600万, 较去年同期增长109%,活跃率长期居行业前列。值得一提的是,在8月21日至10月27日期间,e海通财APP推出“神机大战,谁是王者”炒股大赛,中外股神与智能机器人同台对决,不同的选股逻辑和投资者策略,以对账单智能系统为分析工具,通过系统、完整的综合排名方法,角逐出胜者。在第一周,股神战队以2.45%的平均收益率超过机器人战队。近年来,各种智能投顾产品层出不穷,本次炒股大赛也是对市场上众多智能投顾产品实力的考验。

收入占比第二大的是直投业务,实现利润总额11.97亿元,占比20.6%。可以说,海通证券的直投业务已经进入收获期。上半年,公司直投业务退出投资项目 9个,其中完全退出投资项目4个,部分退出投资项目5个。在直投项目IPO退出方面,上半年,2个直投项目完成IPO上市,已在沪深交易所挂牌交易;另有2个直投项目IPO 过会待发。自营业务收入占比排名第三,达到13.6%,实现利润总额7.88亿元。

券商板块

PB估值水平1.7倍

整体来看,27家券商共计实现营业收入1171.5亿元,实现净利润386.3亿元。华泰证券、山西证券、东方证券、长江证券、兴业证券等9家券商净利润预计呈现正增长,增幅最大的是华安证券。根据已有的数据来看,净利润呈现正增长主要是由于两项业务的贡献:IPO提速给投行带来业务收入大幅提升;主动资管大幅发展提高资管应收以及自营业务好转提高投资收益。

事实上,上市券商上半年的业绩收入仅比预计微增,但是依旧在近期受到资金追捧,背后原因多为“国家队”的增持以及较低的估值。

今年上半年累计涨幅位居前三的分别是中原证券、方正证券以及中国银河,分别累计上涨 76.75%、39.77%以及30.66%。当前券商板块PB估值水平1.7倍,龙头券商估值1.4-1.6倍,仍处历史底部区间。从昨日的上市券商PB倍数来看,最低的是中信证券,为1.52倍;其次是海通证券,也只有1.54倍;最高的是第一创业,为4.6倍。不少分析师认为,在大券商基本面向好的趋势下,其估值又处在底部区间,具有较大的潜在向上空间。

从下半年券商业务发展来看, 渤海证券分析师预计,下半年佣金率下行空间小,预计年末降至万分之三点五,经纪业务营收贡献率逐步下降;未来 IPO 审批将继续保持当前速度,再融资规模收缩态势持续,IPO 常态化能够一定程度上弥补再融资缩减给投行业务收入带来的负面影响。而并购业务受市场形势、国企并购重组逐步放宽等影响,将继续保持快速增长;通道资管规模持续收缩,券商主动管理规模继续上涨,上市券商资管子公司经营业绩逐渐向好。同时,海外业务的收入贡献也将逐步上升。

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