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西北农民的“新商事”

2017-08-29 15:35:28   新华网

新华社西安8月29日电(记者沈虹冰、陈晨)种了大半辈子地的马新世不曾想过,年逾半百,自己竟然动了做农产品国际贸易的念头。作为陕西杨凌职业农民创业创新园的负责人,他刚刚接待了一位德国来的客商。

“中国的农产品这么好,为什么不能卖到欧洲去呢?”客商的一句问话让马新世动了心,他们当即从园区400多个农产品中划定了猕猴桃、冬枣等20多种,计划年内开始按欧盟标准试种。

老马并不是“心血来潮”,在他背后,有实力雄厚的“支撑”:130多座“智慧”大棚共336亩农田,12位西北农林科技大学等单位的专家,120位打理园区的“准职业农民”,以及杨凌示范区、陕西自贸区杨凌片区提供的政策支持与对接帮助。

“我们的生产技术和环境条件完全没有问题,但这肯定不是件容易的事,农产品出口必须符合国际标准,而且有一系列对接程序。”老马盘算着,把更多“安全、好吃、有营养”的瓜果蔬菜通过自贸区卖到国外,展示中国农业现代化的成就,同时也能向国外学习先进农业技术。

老马所在的陕西杨凌,是我国目前唯一的国家级农业高新技术产业示范区。得益于农业科技的不断进步和日趋繁荣的国内外市场,在这里,越来越多的农民告别了面朝黄土背朝天的“老农民”形象,他们变得懂技术、能管理、会经营,而且更具商业头脑。

杨凌职业农民创业创新园今年刚刚建成,是马新世联合数家农业合作社成立的合作联社的实体,也是农业部第76个“全国新型职业农民培育示范基地”。行走在园区内,安装多套控制系统的新型“智慧”大棚整齐排列,棚内郁郁青青、瓜果飘香,不时可见在此进修培训的农民“学生”忙碌的身影。

52岁的李争甲面对记者时,亮出的身份是这家园区的“技术总监”。这位“总监”由于长期干农活,粗糙的手指翻看着智能手机上的消息,一个上拉的动作往往要重复两三次。而就是这样一位老农,负责这个西北地区最大职业农民创新创业园区的技术维护和更新,及400多个瓜果蔬菜品种的种植管理,同时为全国来这里学习种植技术的120多名“准职业农民”传授相关技术。

在这所“田间大学”里,“学生”们要学习的不仅有种植技术,还有市场经济的相关知识。在李争甲看来,现代职业农民区别于传统农民的重要特征,就是“善经营、懂市场”。

“不懂科学技术不行,咱园子里应用了生物源农药综合防治技术,一直坚持控水、减农药、减化肥。种出来好的瓜果蔬菜,卖不出去也不行。”李争甲对记者说,“搞规模化经营,你得贷款吧?有了自贸区,你要懂得什么叫国际标准,才能把产品卖出国门吧?再说,现在有‘一带一路’,你还得琢磨着怎么跟外国同行打交道不是?这就是现代农业。”

有了新理念,全国各地来这接受培训的农民们也有了更多商业头脑。33岁的贵州省紫云县农民岑乔兴正在园区内学习。“在这里,我们不光要学技术,还得学会管理和开拓市场。”岑乔兴说,等自己一年“学业”期满拿到农艺师证书,再加上积累的市场经验和人脉,准备回到老家贵州发展设施农业,“大干一番”。

今年4月,中国(陕西)自由贸易试验区杨凌片区揭牌成立,这是目前国内唯一的农业自贸区。西北农林科技大学经管学院教授王征兵认为,杨凌自贸区将给中国农民带来两大变化:购买国外农资更加方便;生产的农产品出口将更加便利。

在距离职业农民创业创新园几公里外的杨凌自贸办,副主任刘仲山已经开始为马新世的“新商事”操上心了,他已经在和一家德国检测机构商谈合作,准备在杨凌设立认证中心,落实老马卖瓜果的“国际生意”。

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