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益佰制药22亿商誉地雷

2017-08-28 18:51:02   中国经济网

本刊记者 杜鹏/文

在连续实施多笔收购之后,益佰制药(600594.SH)的业绩依然不见起色,2017年上半年,公司实现收入19.52亿元,同比增长13.08%;净利润1.84亿元,同比增长6.54%;扣非净利润1.71亿元,同比下降3.36%。

益佰制药是一家老牌药企,早在2004年就已经登陆资本市场,在此之后的10年之内,公司一直主要依赖内生性增长,而2013年之后公司开始连续实施多次大手笔收购,账面商誉从几乎为零暴涨至如今的21.71亿元,占总资产的比例达到33.04%。然而,并购并没有带来业绩的明显增长,2013年时公司净利润为4.29亿元,而2016年净利润却只有3.85亿元。

而在此背后,《证券市场周刊》记者注意到,益佰制药收购的标的中,有的连年亏损,有的已经资不抵债,有的连年达不到高溢价收购时给出的评估预测值,而上市公司对这些标的形成的巨额商誉却不计提任何减值准备。

此外,销售费用高企成为吞噬公司毛利的黑洞,而公司在研发投入方面却少的可怜,2017年上半年只有2868万元,占营业收入的比例只有1.47%,这种严重依赖销售而不舍得在研发上花钱的做法,恐有损上市公司的中长期核心竞争力,同时这种增长模式也难有持续性。

 商誉存减值风险

在益佰制药的商誉中,占比较大的是贵州益佰女子大药厂有限责任公司(下称“女子大药厂”)。

女子大药厂在被上市公司收购之前的名称是“贵州百祥制药有限责任公司(下称“百祥制药”)”。2013年6月14日,益佰制药公告称,全资子公司贵州苗医药实业有限公司(下称“苗医药”)以5亿元收购百祥制药100%的股权。这笔交易的价格非常高,2012年、2013年1-3月,该公司分别实现净利润402万元、125万元,截至2012年12月31日,标的净资产只有888万元,增值率高达5613%。此次收购形成账面商誉4.82亿元,占益佰制药商誉总值的22.2%。

益佰制药随后的财报没有单独披露女子大药厂的业绩,而是披露了苗医药(全资持有女子大药厂)的经营情况,2017年上半年苗医药实现净利润1631万元,而2015年、2016年分别实现净利润1417万元、3112万元。

而在益佰制药收购女子大药厂时采用的是收益法评估,预计女子大药厂2015-2017年净利润分别达到5972万元、7716万元、8770万元。

如果苗医药其他业务没有发生大幅亏损,那么女子大药厂2015年、2016年均远远没有达到当时高溢价收购给出的业绩预计值,2017年全年要达到预计值也存在较大不确定性,益佰制药难道不应该对其计提商誉减值准备吗?事实上,益佰制药对此未计提任何商誉减值。

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