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聚焦社会痛点 三聚环保将秸秆变废为宝

2017-08-28 09:45:53   新华网

北京三聚环保新材料股份有限公司昨日在北京举行发布会,宣布三聚环保将依托秸秆炭化还田-土壤改良技术,全面进军生态农业。这一举措是三聚环保绿色发展战略的重要组成部分,为三聚环保升级转型打造了一个新的产业平台。

秸秆的再利用一直是困扰我国农业和环保的一道难题。秸秆焚烧也连续多年成为加剧空气污染的因素之一。秸秆资源化利用已经连续两年被写入政府工作报告。

“对于秸秆的利用,我们采用过很多办法,比如直接还田、通过饲料养殖还田、发电等。”农业部全国农技推广服务中心首席专家高祥照告诉记者,秸秆用作发电,只是变作能源,生物质的东西却浪费掉了。而作为一种生物质的资源,秸秆用于农业才是最好的途径。

“秸秆炭化还田-土壤改良技术,最大限度地让秸秆中的氮磷钾、微量元素,及生物质、有机质得以循环利用,不仅提升了农作物的产量和品质,改良了土壤的环境,帮助农民增收,还减少了化肥的用量。”三聚环保总裁林科在发布会上说。

历经科研团队10余年的攻关,秸秆炭化还田技术被成功攻克。这一技术采用秸秆为原料,经过热解炭化分离,获得可燃气25%至30%、生物质炭30%至37%、木醋液10%至15%,最终合成为以纳米孔隙农业生物质炭为载体、矿物质-有机质-养分复合团聚的生物质炭基缓释肥。

南京农业大学教授潘根兴表示,实验结果表明,相比于普通复合肥,使用三聚炭肥后,农产品籽粒品质大幅改善,粗蛋白含量提高15%,土壤有机质提升20%,氮磷钾复合肥用量减少5%至10%,每亩增产10%,平均为农户每亩增收100至200元。

去年6月开始,三聚环保的炭基复合肥示范种植陆续在黑龙江、内蒙古、新疆等14个省区展开,种植示范田305块,种植面积累计达5000多亩,涵盖小麦、玉米、水稻等18种农作物。

截至目前,三聚环保已经与黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河南等多地的48个县市签订了秸秆生物质综合循环利用项目战略合作协议。其中,20个秸秆生物质综合循环利用项目已开工建设,5个项目年内将建成投产。

我国是农业大国,生物质资源丰富。2015年,秸秆的全国总产量及可收集利用量就分别为10.4亿吨和9亿吨。将秸秆变废为宝,循环再利用,有着广阔的前景。

三聚环保的商业模式很好地解决了“供”和“求”两个问题。北京大学光华管理学院副教授蔡曙涛分析说,“供”是如何实现秸秆的规模化流转。三聚环保采取的模式是通过合作社、地方政府来解决流转,保证原材料价格、数量的稳定供应。另外是就地生产,解决了秸秆因为本身附加值不高而运输成本偏高的“顽疾”。“求”则是农业生产组织和农民得愿意去用。三聚环保的商业模式建立了全产业链,使得农民没有了后顾之忧,愿意使用这个新产品。“因为解决了供求两端的问题,因而这个商业模式非常具有生命力。”(记者 赵静)

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