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秸秆变成“香饽饽” 三聚技术打造生物质炭化还田新模式

2017-08-28 08:30:50   新华网

新华网北京8月28日电(记者 陈聪)如何大规模收集散户秸秆,让秸秆变废为宝,实现集中高效加工?如何突破秸秆综合利用技术难题,把秸秆做成好肥料,实现增产优质?专家就此指出,目前已在14个省份示范推广的农作物秸秆炭化还田-土壤改良技术可以同时解决以上两大供需难题,在秸秆炭化工艺、生物质炭复合肥制备技术、工业化规模方面已处于国际领先水平,应在更广范围内予以推广。

从2016年“鼓励秸秆资源化利用”到今年的“加快秸秆资源化利用”,秸秆资源化利用已连续两年写入政府工作报告。秸秆综合利用、炭化还田,是农业绿色发展的必然要求,也是企业打造绿色品牌的转型之机。记者27日从北京三聚环保新材料股份有限公司新闻发布会上获悉,三聚公司联合南京农业大学成功研发的秸秆炭化还田-土壤改良技术,被与会专家评定为适合中国当前农业发展现状,已在黑龙江、内蒙古、宁夏、河北等14个省份开展了小麦、玉米、水稻等18种作物的三聚地沃生物质炭有机无机复合肥(三聚炭肥)试验示范项目。

据三聚绿能科技有限公司首席科学家、南京农业大学教授潘根兴和北京三聚环保新材料股份有限公司副总裁付兴国在会上介绍,该技术的关键在于中温慢速热解碳化工艺、万吨级中温慢速热解炭化设备、炭化产物分离成套设备三大工艺的开发和应用。通过这三大核心工艺,三聚公司实现了秸秆、秸秆颗粒连续热解炭化以及生物质炭、木醋液等产物快速分离。在此基础上,三聚公司研制和示范应用了以纳米孔隙农业生物质炭为载体、矿物质-有机质-养分复合团聚的生物质炭基缓释肥。据了解,这一技术今年已被农业部列为重点推介的秸秆农用十大模式之一。

中国工程院院士、清华大学教授金涌在会上指出,农作物秸秆炭化还田-土壤改良技术在国际上是首发的,具有独立的自主知识产权,希望三聚环保能够为减少肥料用量、保障农作物增产优质做出贡献。

农业部全国农技推广服务中心首席专家高祥照指出,目前,我国土壤问题较为严峻,土壤板结、盐碱化、重金属超标比比皆是,三聚公司通过有机肥、生物质等手段对土壤进行改良,是很好的方法。这一方法解决了秸秆的科学和循环利用问题,不仅可以用作农田,还可以生产生物质能源,为秸秆的循环利用提供了一个新的途径,应在更广的范围内推广。此外,秸秆生物质炭基肥料能够减少肥料用量,大幅提高肥料利用效率,为肥料增效提供了新的可能。

北京大学光华管理学院副教授蔡曙涛认为,三聚公司的商业模式很好地解决了“供”和“求”两个方面的问题。“供”主要是解决秸秆收集的问题,三聚公司通过与农合社、地方政府合作来实现秸秆的规模化流转,保证原材料价格、数量稳定供应,在此基础上,通过就地生产解决秸秆运输成本高的难题。“求”,就是生产出来的炭肥要使农民愿意用。三聚公司的优势在于建立了全产业链,通过生物质炭的形式,实现高效循环、炭化还田,在政府政策的配套、产业基金的支持下,让农民没有后顾之忧。

今年8月,农作物秸秆炭化还田—土壤改良技术开发与应用项目通过了中国石油和化学工业联合会组织的农作物科技成果鉴定。鉴定专家组认为,该成果创新性强,具有完全自主知识产权,在秸秆炭化工艺、生物质炭复合肥制备技术、工业化规模方面处于国际领先水平,且兼具社会效益、生态效益、环保效益和经济效益。

据了解,经过一年多的努力,该项目产业布局已初见规模,三聚公司目前已与48个市县达成产业战略合作协议,已有24项目开工建设,今年将有5个项目建成投产。

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